Lesley Sibner is a mathematician known for her contributions to areas such as topology and dynamical systems. She has worked on topics including the behavior of knotted and linked structures and has published research in these fields. Sibner's work is often notable in the context of mathematical education and outreach, as she has been involved in initiatives to promote mathematics and mentoring in academic environments.

Water transport organizations refer to entities involved in the movement of goods and people over water bodies, including oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes. These organizations can be classified into several categories: 1. **Shipping Companies**: These are businesses that operate vessels for transporting cargo or passengers. They may specialize in various types of transport, such as bulk shipping, container shipping, or passenger services (ferries, cruise lines).

Compagnie des Autobus de Monaco (CAM) is the public bus transportation company in Monaco. It operates the bus services within the Principality of Monaco, providing a vital transportation link for both residents and visitors. The company offers various bus routes that connect key areas of the city-state, including downtown Monaco, residential neighborhoods, tourist attractions, and key transport hubs.

The North East Joint Transport Committee (NEJTC) is a regional body in the North East of England responsible for coordinating transport planning and policies in the area. It was established to promote collaboration between the local authorities in the region—namely Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, North Tyneside, South Tyneside, Northumberland, and County Durham—on issues related to transport.

Advection is the transport of a substance or property by the bulk motion of a fluid. It primarily refers to the transfer of heat, moisture, or pollutants within a moving fluid, such as air or water. In meteorology, for example, advection plays a significant role in weather patterns as warm, moist air can be advected into a region, potentially leading to changes in temperature and humidity.

An antiporter is a type of membrane transport protein that facilitates the movement of two different ions or molecules across a cell membrane in opposite directions. This process is crucial for various physiological functions, including maintaining ion balance, regulating pH, and transporting nutrients or waste products. In an antiporter, one molecule is typically transported into the cell while another is transported out. This exchange often occurs simultaneously and relies on the concentration gradient of one or both substances.

Chemotaxis is the movement of an organism or a cell in response to a chemical gradient. This biological phenomenon typically involves the movement towards higher concentrations of beneficial substances (such as nutrients) or away from harmful substances (such as toxins). Chemotaxis is observed in various organisms, including bacteria, single-celled organisms, and multicellular organisms, and is crucial for processes such as immune response, wound healing, and the navigation of cells to specific sites in tissues.

Constrictivity generally refers to the quality or condition of being constrictive. In various contexts, it can describe mechanisms, processes, or physiological states that involve narrowing or reducing the dimensions of a particular space or passageway. In the context of physiology, for example, constrictivity might refer to the ability of blood vessels or airways to constrict, affecting blood flow and airflow.

The convection-diffusion equation is a partial differential equation that describes the transport of a quantity, such as heat, mass, or concentration, in a medium under the influence of two processes: convection and diffusion.

A cotransporter is a type of membrane protein that facilitates the simultaneous transport of two or more molecules across a cell membrane. The transport can occur in the same direction (symport) or in opposite directions (antiport). Cotransporters utilize the electrochemical gradient of one of the molecules, typically ions, to drive the transport of another molecule, which can be an ion or a different substance such as glucose or various amino acids.

Darcy's Law is a fundamental equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium. It is named after the French engineer Henry Darcy, who formulated it in the 19th century based on his experiments with fluid flow in soils.

Dispersive mass transfer refers to the process by which mass is transported within a medium due to the combined effects of diffusion and advection. This concept is commonly applied in fields such as chemical engineering, environmental science, and materials science, particularly in the context of transport phenomena. ### Key Components of Dispersive Mass Transfer: 1. **Diffusion**: This is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by a concentration gradient.

Heat transfer through fins refers to the process by which excess heat is dissipated from a surface to the surrounding environment through extended surfaces known as fins. Fins are typically used in applications where heat needs to be removed efficiently from a solid object, such as in heat exchangers, electronic components, radiators, and engines. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Purpose of Fins**: Fins increase the surface area available for heat transfer.

Fractional anisotropy (FA) is a quantitative measure used in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a type of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that evaluates the diffusion of water molecules in biological tissues. FA quantifies the degree of directionality of water diffusion in a medium, which can provide insights into the integrity of white matter tracts in the brain. In more detail: - **Diffusion**: Water molecules in biological tissues tend to move in various directions.

The groundwater flow equation is a fundamental equation used in hydrogeology to describe the movement of groundwater through the subsurface. The most commonly used form of the equation is derived from Darcy's Law and the principle of conservation of mass.

Not Just Bikes is a platform and media brand created by Jason Slaughter that focuses on urban planning, transportation, and the importance of cycling in cities. Through videos, social media, and other content, Not Just Bikes advocates for better urban design, emphasizing the benefits of cycling and walkable cities. The platform discusses how urban environments can be improved to enhance quality of life, promote sustainability, and reduce reliance on cars.

The Official Handbook of Stations is a reference publication produced by the American Association of Railroads (AAR) that provides detailed information about all active railroad stations in the United States and Canada. The handbook includes data such as station names, locations, contact information, and service details. It serves as a valuable resource for railroad companies, freight shippers, and the public, providing insights into the infrastructure of the rail network and helping with the efficient management and operation of rail services.

Mass balance, also known as material balance, is a fundamental principle in engineering and environmental science that involves accounting for the mass of materials as they enter and leave a system. It is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system.

Molecular diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration due to their random thermal motion. This movement occurs in gases, liquids, and even solids, but it is most commonly observed in gases and liquids. The driving force behind diffusion is the concentration gradient, where molecules naturally spread out in an attempt to reach a state of equilibrium.

Molecular Tagging Velocimetry (MTV) is an advanced optical measurement technique used to visualize and quantify fluid flow and velocities in various scientific and engineering applications. This method is particularly useful in fluid dynamics research and is often employed in experiments involving turbulent flows, sprays, and other complex fluid behaviors. ### Key Features of Molecular Tagging Velocimetry: 1. **Fluorescent Tagging**: In MTV, specific molecules (tags) are introduced into the fluid.