The Open-Pool Australian Lightwater Reactor (OPAL) is a research reactor located at the Lucas Heights nuclear research facility in New South Wales, Australia. It is operated by Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) and began its operation in 2006. The OPAL reactor is noteworthy for several reasons: 1. **Light Water Reactor**: As a light water reactor, OPAL uses ordinary water (H2O) as both a coolant and a neutron moderator.

A neutron-velocity selector is a device used in neutron scattering experiments to select neutrons of a specific velocity (or energy) from a broader spectrum of neutrons produced in various sources, such as nuclear reactors or neutron spallation sources. The ability to select neutrons by their velocity or energy allows researchers to perform more precise measurements and studies of material properties. The operation of a neutron-velocity selector typically involves the use of mechanical and/or geometrical elements to achieve the desired selection.

Neutron depth profiling (NDP) is a specialized analytical technique used primarily in materials science and semiconductor research to investigate the depth distribution of certain elements within solid materials. The technique leverages the unique properties of neutrons, namely their ability to penetrate materials without causing significant damage, to analyze the composition and concentration of light elements (such as hydrogen, lithium, and boron) in thin films and other complex structures.

Neutron radiation refers to a type of ionizing radiation that consists of neutrons, which are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Unlike alpha or beta radiation, which are charged particles (alpha being positively charged and beta being negatively charged), neutrons have no electrical charge, which gives them unique properties when interacting with matter.

Neutron triple-axis spectrometry is a powerful experimental technique used primarily in the field of condensed matter physics to study the dynamical properties of materials. It employs neutrons to probe the atomic and magnetic structures within a sample by measuring the scattering of neutrons as they interact with the sample's atomic nuclei.

The Transfer-Matrix Method (TMM) in optics is a mathematical technique used to analyze the propagation of light through multilayer structures, such as thin films, waveguides, or photonic crystals. It is particularly useful for investigating the behavior of electromagnetic waves when they encounter interfaces or discontinuities in refractive index. ### Basic Principles of the Transfer-Matrix Method 1.

Ernest O. Wollan was an American physicist known for his work in the field of neutron scattering and nuclear physics. He played a significant role in the development of neutron diffractometry and was involved in various research projects, particularly during and after World War II. Wollan is perhaps best known for his contributions to the use of neutrons for studying the structure of materials, which has had a lasting impact on several scientific disciplines, including chemistry, materials science, and solid-state physics.

The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a major international research facility in Sweden that focuses on neutron science. Located in Lund, the ESS is designed to produce neutrons through a process known as spallation, which involves bombarding a target material, typically heavy metal like tungsten or mercury, with protons. This interaction produces neutrons that researchers can use for a variety of scientific studies.

As of my last update in October 2023, there is no widely recognized entity, person, or concept known as "Lyle Benjamin Borst." It's possible that you might be referring to a specific individual who is not well-known or a more niche topic.

Neutron magnetic imaging is a non-invasive technique used to visualize and measure the magnetic fields and magnetic structures within materials. It leverages the unique interaction between neutrons and magnetic materials to provide detailed information about magnetic properties at the microscopic and sometimes nanoscopic levels. ### Key Features and Principles: 1. **Neutron Interaction**: Neutrons are uncharged particles that can penetrate materials without causing damage.

Neutron resonance spin echo (NRSE) is a specialized technique used in the field of neutron scattering to gain precise information about the dynamics of materials at the atomic or molecular level. It combines aspects of neutron scattering with concepts from spin echo techniques traditionally used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and other spin-related methods.

Charles Cook is an academic known for his work in the field of political science, particularly in the area of voting behavior, elections, and political analysis. He has contributed significantly to the understanding of electoral systems, political parties, and the dynamics of political competition. Cook often focuses on empirical research, applying quantitative methods to analyze electoral trends and public opinion. His work is recognized for its rigor and has been published in various academic journals.

Neutron scattering length is a fundamental parameter in neutron scattering experiments, which describes how neutrons interact with atomic nuclei in a material. When neutrons pass through a sample, they can be scattered by the nuclei, and the scattering length quantifies the probability of this interaction. The neutron scattering length \( b \) depends on the type of nucleus and is generally expressed in units of nanometers (nm). Each element has a unique scattering length, which can be positive or negative.

Neutron spin echo (NSE) is a powerful technique used in the field of condensed matter physics and materials science to study the dynamic properties of materials at the atomic or molecular level. It is particularly useful for investigating the motion of particles, such as atoms or molecules, over time scales ranging from picoseconds to nanoseconds. The basic principle of neutron spin echo involves the manipulation of the spin state of neutrons, which are neutral particles with a spin property.

Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is a diagnostic imaging technique that utilizes neutrons for detecting and visualizing the distribution of elements within a sample, particularly in biological tissues. This method is based on the principles of neutron interaction with matter and the subsequent emission of characteristic gamma rays from the elements present in the sample.

Porod's law is a principle in the field of small-angle scattering, specifically related to the scattering of X-rays or neutrons by materials with interfaces, such as colloids, emulsions, or polymers. It describes how the intensity of scattered radiation varies with the scattering vector \( q \) at large angles, which corresponds to small distances in real space.

Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful experimental technique used to investigate the structure of materials at the nanoscale. It involves the scattering of neutrons from a sample, where the angles of scattering are small (typically less than a few degrees). This technique is particularly sensitive to the size, shape, and distribution of structures on the order of 1 to 100 nanometers.

Vitess is an open-source database clustering system designed for horizontal scaling of MySQL databases. Initially developed at YouTube to handle their massive scale and traffic, it allows users to run MySQL databases in a more efficient manner, making it easier to manage large volumes of data across multiple servers.

Varley F. Sears does not appear to be a widely recognized individual, term, or concept in readily available information as of my last update in October 2023. It's possible that it may refer to a person or topic that has gained significance after this date, or it could be a more obscure reference.

A Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) is a type of plasma device that generates high-energy plasma through the rapid compression of electric and magnetic fields. It primarily operates in the field of plasma physics and fusion energy research. The DPF consists of a cylindrical or conical electrode setup, where a discharge of high voltage is applied to a gas, usually a neutral gas like deuterium or hydrogen, causing the gas to ionize and form plasma.