Right-wing populism is a political ideology that combines right-wing policies and populist rhetoric. It generally emphasizes nationalism, anti-elitism, and often anti-immigration sentiments. Here are some key characteristics and themes associated with right-wing populism: 1. **Nationalism**: Right-wing populist movements often promote a strong sense of national identity and prioritize the interests of the nation-state over international cooperation or globalization. This can include a focus on preserving traditional cultural values and customs.

Socialism of the 21st Century is a political and economic concept that seeks to adapt traditional socialist principles to contemporary realities. It emerged notably in Latin America in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, particularly through the policies and leadership of figures such as Hugo Chávez in Venezuela, Evo Morales in Bolivia, and Rafael Correa in Ecuador.

Techno-populism is a political and ideological concept that combines elements of populism with a strong emphasis on technology, innovation, and digital media. It often manifests in movements or political platforms that leverage advanced technology, such as social media and digital communication tools, to mobilize support and engage with the public.

The Nationalist in the United States typically refers to a political movement or ideology that emphasizes nationalism, which is the belief that a nation is the fundamental unit of political organization and that the interests and culture of that nation should be prioritized over those of international considerations. Nationalists often advocate for policies that promote the interests of their nation, including economic protectionism, strict immigration controls, and a focus on preserving cultural identity.

The Ukrainian national revival, often referred to as the Ukrainian national renaissance, is a historical and cultural movement that emerged in the late 18th and 19th centuries, primarily during the period of the Russian Empire when Ukraine was under foreign domination. This movement aimed to promote Ukrainian language, culture, history, and national identity in the face of political and cultural repression.

William Jennings Bryan (1860–1925) was an American politician, orator, and lawyer who played a significant role in the Democratic Party during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for his advocacy of populism and his support of various progressive reforms, including women's suffrage and the regulation of monopolies.

William Jennings Bryan's 1896 presidential campaign was a significant moment in American political history, notable for its focus on populist themes and its dramatic oratory. Bryan, a Democratic congressman from Nebraska, emerged as the party's candidate at the Democratic National Convention held in Chicago in July 1896.

Capillary action, also known as capillarity, is a phenomenon that occurs when liquid rises or falls in a narrow space, such as a thin tube or porous material, due to the combined effects of cohesion and adhesion. **Key aspects of capillary action include:** 1. **Cohesion**: This is the attraction between molecules of the same substance. In the case of water, hydrogen bonds cause water molecules to be attracted to each other.

Fault zone hydrogeology is the study of how faults—fractures or zones of weakness in the Earth’s crust—affect groundwater flow and the movement of water through geological formations. Faults can alter the natural hydraulic properties of the surrounding rock, leading to significant impacts on groundwater systems.

Ionosilica is a term that generally refers to a class of materials that combine silica (silicon dioxide) with ionic properties. These materials are typically designed to exhibit certain electrical or ionic conduction properties, similar to how traditional silica is used in various applications like electronics, optics, and materials science. **Potential Applications:** 1. **Electronics:** Ionosilica can be used in electronic devices due to its conductive properties.

Mesoporous materials are a class of porous materials that have pore sizes typically ranging from 2 to 50 nanometers. They fall between microporous materials (with pore sizes less than 2 nm) and macroporous materials (with pore sizes greater than 50 nm).

Mesoporous organosilica refers to a class of porous silica materials that have a well-defined mesoporous structure, characterized by pore sizes typically ranging from 2 to 50 nanometers. The term "organosilica" indicates that these materials incorporate organic functional groups into the silica framework, which can impart specific chemical properties and functionalities.

Nanoporous materials are materials that contain pores with diameters in the nanometer scale, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. These materials have a highly porous structure that provides a large surface area and can accommodate various substances within their pores. They are characterized by their unique physical and chemical properties, which arise from their nanoscale structure.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in porous media is a technique used to investigate the properties, behaviors, and interactions of fluids within porous materials, such as soils, rocks, and other heterogeneous structures. The principles of NMR are based on the magnetic properties of certain atomic nuclei, especially hydrogen nuclei (protons), in the presence of a strong magnetic field.

In earth sciences, permeability refers to the ability of a material, typically soil or rock, to transmit fluids (such as water, oil, or gas) through its pore spaces or fractures. It is a crucial property in various fields including geology, hydrogeology, petroleum engineering, and environmental science. Permeability is influenced by several factors, including: 1. **Pore Size and Connectivity**: Larger and better-connected pores facilitate easier fluid movement.

Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) are a class of materials that contain a highly porous structure on the microscopic scale, which arises from their unique molecular architecture. They are characterized by their rigid and contorted backbone structures, which prevent close packing of polymer chains, leading to the formation of micropores (defined as pores with diameters less than 2 nanometers) within the material.

Pore space in soil refers to the voids or openings within the soil structure that are not occupied by solid soil particles. These pores are essential for various soil functions and properties, including: 1. **Water Retention and Drainage**: Pores allow soil to hold water, which is crucial for plant growth. They also facilitate drainage, preventing waterlogging and enabling aeration.

Pore structure refers to the arrangement, size, shape, and distribution of pores within a material. In various contexts, such as geology, material science, and biology, pore structure plays a critical role in determining the properties and behaviors of substances. Here’s a closer look at different aspects of pore structure: 1. **Geology and Soil Science**: In soils and rocks, pore structure is crucial for understanding water retention, permeability, and gas exchange.

Porosity is a measure of the void spaces (pores) in a material, expressed as a percentage of the total volume. It is an important property in various fields, including geology, materials science, and engineering, as it affects the ability of materials to hold fluids, gases, or other substances. In geological terms, porosity describes the amount of space within rocks or sediments that can store fluids like water, oil, or gas.

Specific surface area (SSA) is a measurement that quantifies the total surface area of a material per unit of mass or volume. It is commonly expressed in units such as square meters per gram (m²/g) or square meters per cubic meter (m²/m³). SSA is an important property in various fields, including material science, chemical engineering, geology, and environmental science, as it affects properties such as reactivity, adsorption, and transport phenomena.