Iranian nuclear physicists are scientists and researchers in Iran who specialize in the field of nuclear physics, which involves the study of atomic nuclei and the fundamental forces that govern their behavior. This field encompasses several areas, including nuclear energy, nuclear medicine, radiation physics, and the development of nuclear technologies for various applications. Iran has a number of nuclear physicists working in both academic and research institutions as well as government and military programs.

Operation Rockingham was a covert British military operation during the 1990s, specifically related to the conflict in the former Yugoslavia. It was primarily focused on gathering intelligence and assessing the military situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War, which lasted from 1992 to 1995.

Hussein Kamel al-Majid was an Iraqi military officer and politician, best known for his role as a key figure in Saddam Hussein's regime. He was born on March 18, 1958, and was a member of the influential al-Majid family, which was part of the broader Iraqi ruling elite. He was the son-in-law of Saddam Hussein, having married one of the dictator's daughters.

"Curveball" is the codename of an Iraqi defector who worked as an informant for U.S. and other allied intelligence agencies in the lead-up to the Iraq War. His real name is Rafid Ahmed Alwan al-Janabi. He is known for providing fabricated information regarding Iraq's possession of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), particularly asserting that Iraq had mobile biological weapons laboratories. Curveball's claims were influential in shaping the narrative that led to the U.S.

"In Shifting Sands: The Truth About UNSCOM and the Disarming of Iraq" is a book written by Scott Ritter, a former United Nations weapons inspector. The book, published in 1999, provides an insider's perspective on the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) and its efforts to disarm Iraq following the Gulf War.

The Iraq disarmament crisis refers to a series of events and tensions primarily in the late 1990s and early 2000s regarding Iraq’s compliance with United Nations resolutions concerning its weapons of mass destruction (WMD) programs, particularly after the Gulf War in 1991. The crisis intensified in the lead-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

Robert Murphy is a mathematician known for his work in various areas of mathematics, particularly in publication and research that focuses on fields such as combinatorial mathematics and number theory. However, it's important to note that there may be multiple individuals with that name in academia, and specifics about their contributions could vary widely based on the context or the particular field of study.

Thomas Andrews (1813-1885) was an Irish scientist known primarily for his contributions to thermodynamics and physical chemistry. He is best remembered for his work on the critical point and the behavior of gases and liquids. One of his most significant achievements was the formulation of the concept of the "critical state" of substances, which describes the conditions at which the distinctions between gas and liquid phases disappear.

Hussain al-Shahristani is an Iraqi politician and a prominent figure in Iraq's energy sector. He served as Iraq's Minister of Oil from 2006 to 2010 and has played a significant role in shaping Iraq's oil policies and strategies during and after the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003.

Frederick Thomas Trouton was a notable figure in the field of science, particularly known for his work in physics and engineering in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best remembered for the "Trouton experiment," which was an important test related to the theory of electric fields and the ether. The Trouton experiment aimed to measure the drag on charged conductors moving through the ether, which was a hypothesized medium for the propagation of electromagnetic waves.

Irish women mathematicians have made significant contributions to the field of mathematics, though historically, they have often been underrepresented. Over the years, several notable Irish women mathematicians have emerged, contributing to various areas of mathematics, including pure mathematics, applied mathematics, statistics, and related fields. Some prominent Irish women mathematicians include: 1. **Mary Cartwright**: An influential mathematician known for her work in non-linear differential equations and chaos theory.

"Irish astrophysicists" refers to scientists from Ireland or those of Irish descent who are engaged in the field of astrophysics, the branch of astronomy that deals with the physical properties and behavior of celestial bodies and the universe as a whole. These scientists may work in various areas, such as cosmology, stellar dynamics, planetary science, and the study of galaxies and the universe's structure.

Eoin O'Reilly could refer to various individuals, as it is a common name. Without specific context, it’s difficult to determine exactly who you might be asking about. In general, Eoin O'Reilly could be a person known in fields such as sports, academia, business, or entertainment.

James B. Kavanagh is an author known for his work in creating educational materials, particularly field guides and pocket guides for nature enthusiasts. He has written extensively on various subjects, including birds, plants, and wildlife, often focusing on American flora and fauna. His guides are popular among hikers, bird watchers, and educators for their concise and informative content, as well as their user-friendly formats.

John Tyndall was a 19th-century Irish physicist and natural philosopher, born on August 2, 1820, and passing away on December 4, 1893. He is best known for his work in areas such as atmospheric physics, thermodynamics, and the study of gases.

Exact trigonometric values refer to the precise values of the sine, cosine, tangent, and other trigonometric functions for specific angles, typically in degrees or radians. These values are often expressed as fractions, whole numbers, or square roots, rather than decimal approximations.

The Copeland–Erdős constant is a real number that is constructed by concatenating the prime numbers in sequence. It is named after mathematicians Arthur Copeland and Paul Erdős. The constant is expressed as follows: \[ C = 0.

The Erdős–Borwein constant, often denoted as \( C_{E,B} \), is a mathematical constant that arises in the context of number theory, particularly in relation to certain infinite series and products.

Positive liberty is a concept in political philosophy that refers to the idea of being truly free in the sense of being able to pursue one's own potential and goals. It contrasts with negative liberty, which is defined as freedom from interference by others, particularly the state. Positive liberty emphasizes the importance of enabling individuals to achieve their own purposes and fulfill their potential. It is concerned with the conditions necessary for individuals to truly exercise their freedom, which may include access to education, resources, opportunities, and social support.

The Reciprocal Fibonacci Constant, denoted by \( R \), is defined as the sum of the reciprocals of the Fibonacci numbers.