Cryptography contests are competitions designed to challenge participants in the field of cryptography, which is the study and practice of securing communication and information through encoding and decoding techniques. These contests often involve solving cryptographic problems, cracking codes, and developing secure algorithms. There are various types of cryptography contests, including: 1. **Capture the Flag (CTF)**: These events typically involve a series of challenges that participants must solve to earn points.
The best science fiction works deeply explore the consequences of one single technology by 
Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-01 +Created 1970-01-01The impact of the work is greater when you examine what one single new technology would do to existing society, as in Primer (2004), rather than "start on a society with severl new technologies", like in Star Wars.
The best samurai movies of all time by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-01 +Created 1970-01-01- Lone Wolf and Cub (1972-). Suio style... Ogami Itto. Cute Japanese boy. Wagyu... beef recipe?
Cryptographic primitives are the basic building blocks used in cryptographic protocols and schemes to provide security services such as confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation. These primitives are essential components that can be combined in various ways to create more complex cryptographic systems. Here are some of the fundamental types of cryptographic primitives: 1. **Symmetric Key Cryptography**: This involves algorithms that use the same key for both encryption and decryption.
An Active Cavity Radiometer (ACR) is an instrument used to measure thermal radiation and is specifically designed to obtain precise measurements of the intensity of radiation from various sources. It operates based on the principle of measuring the temperature change caused by the absorption of radiation within a cavity. The essential components of an active cavity radiometer typically include: 1. **Cavity**: This is a thermally isolated chamber that absorbs incoming radiation.
Ancient Greek cosmologists were philosophers and thinkers in ancient Greece who sought to understand the nature of the universe, its origins, structure, and fundamental laws. They laid the groundwork for many modern scientific principles and theories. Their inquiries encompassed both physical phenomena and metaphysical considerations, blending observations of the natural world with philosophical speculation. Key figures in Ancient Greek cosmology include: 1. **Thales of Miletus (c.
"Philosophers of cosmology" typically refers to scholars who explore the philosophical implications and foundational questions concerning cosmology, the scientific study of the origin, evolution, and eventual fate of the universe. This field intersects with various domains, including physics, metaphysics, epistemology, and even ethics.
João Magueijo is a Portuguese theoretical physicist known for his work in cosmology and fundamental physics. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to the understanding of the early universe and the nature of light. One of his notable theories is the "Variable Speed of Light" (VSL) hypothesis, which suggests that the speed of light may not have been constant in the early universe, offering alternative explanations for certain cosmological observations.
Hanns Hörbiger (1860–1931) was an Austrian engineer and inventor known primarily for his controversial theory of "World Ice," which he proposed as an alternative cosmological explanation for various celestial phenomena. Hörbiger's ideas suggested that ice played a fundamental role in the formation and structure of the universe, influencing everything from the creation of planets to the orbits of celestial bodies.
The Pacific Coast Electric Transmission Association (PCETA) is an organization that focuses on promoting and facilitating the development of electric transmission systems along the Pacific Coast of the United States, which includes California, Oregon, and Washington. The association typically works on issues related to electric transmission planning, policy, and coordination among various stakeholders, including utilities, regulatory agencies, and other entities involved in the electric grid.
To test it, let's get two computers on the same local area network, e.g. connected to Wi-Fi on the same home modem router.
On computer B:
- find computer IP with the
ipCLI tool. Suppose it is 192.168.1.102 - then run Ciro's
ncHTTP test server
Output on terminal 1:TODO understand them all! Possibly correlate with Wireshark, or use
17:14:22.017001 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [S], seq 2563867413, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 303966323 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
17:14:22.073957 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [S.], seq 1371418143, ack 2563867414, win 65160, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 171832817 ecr 303966323,nop,wscale 7], length 0
17:14:22.074002 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966380 ecr 171832817], length 0
17:14:22.074195 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [P.], seq 1:82, ack 1, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966380 ecr 171832817], length 81
17:14:22.076710 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [P.], seq 1:80, ack 1, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832821 ecr 303966380], length 79
17:14:22.076710 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [.], ack 82, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832821 ecr 303966380], length 0
17:14:22.076727 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [.], ack 80, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966383 ecr 171832821], length 0
17:14:22.077006 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [F.], seq 82, ack 80, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966383 ecr 171832821], length 0
17:14:22.077564 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [F.], seq 80, ack 82, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832821 ecr 303966380], length 0
17:14:22.077578 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [.], ack 81, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966384 ecr 171832821], length 0
17:14:22.079429 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [.], ack 83, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832824 ecr 303966383], length 0-A option to dump content.Jiun-Huei Proty Wu does not appear to be a widely recognized public figure or concept based on the information available up to October 2023. It is possible that Jiun-Huei Proty Wu could refer to a specific individual in academia, a professional field, or a local context that hasn't received widespread attention.
John Hartnett is an Australian astrophysicist known for his work in the field of cosmology, particularly within the context of creation science. He is associated with a young Earth creationist perspective, which posits that the Earth and the universe are significantly younger than mainstream science suggests. Hartnett has been involved in research related to the cosmic microwave background radiation and has published papers that challenge the conventional understanding of cosmology.
Mario Hamuy is a noted Chilean astronomer, recognized for his research in astrophysics, particularly in the study of supernovae and cosmology. He has made significant contributions to our understanding of the expansion of the universe and the role of dark energy. Hamuy is also involved in the development and use of astronomical observatories and instruments. In addition to his research work, he has been engaged in science communication and promoting astronomy education in Chile and beyond.
A list of cosmologists typically includes scientists who study the origin, evolution, structure, and eventual fate of the universe. Here are some notable cosmologists throughout history and in contemporary research: ### Historical Figures - **Edwin Hubble** - Known for Hubble's Law and his contributions to the understanding of the expanding universe. - **Albert Einstein** - Developed the theory of general relativity, which laid the groundwork for modern cosmology.
The Hewitt-Savage zero-one law is a result in probability theory that pertains to the behavior of certain random events in a specific kind of probability space. It states that if you have a sequence of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables, any tail event (which is an event whose occurrence or non-occurrence is not affected by the finite initial segments of the sequence) has a probability of either 0 or 1.
Pinned article: ourbigbook/introduction-to-the-ourbigbook-project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.
Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.
Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. 
- Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact