JH is a cryptographic hash function that was designed by Jyrki Hautakoski, and it was one of the candidates in the NIST hash function competition aimed at selecting a new hash standard to replace SHA-2. JH is notable for its performance in both software and hardware implementations, and it supports variable-length outputs.

The Japanese M-1 cipher machine was a cryptographic device used by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. It was designed to encrypt and decrypt classified military communications, similar to other cipher machines of that era, such as the German Enigma machine. The M-1 was an electro-mechanical device that utilized a system of rotors to encipher messages. Each rotor had a different wiring pattern that changed the letters being encoded, providing a degree of security against unauthorized decryption.

KOV-14 is a variant of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes the disease COVID-19. It is part of a lineage identified in research and monitoring of COVID-19 variants. Variants like KOV-14 emerge due to mutations in the virus's genetic material as it spreads through populations. These variants are monitored for potential changes in transmissibility, vaccine effectiveness, and severity of illness they may cause.

KSV-21 is a type of missile developed by the Turkish defense industry, specifically designed for use in naval platforms. It is a variant of the “Kanyon” cruise missile and is part of Turkey's efforts to enhance its military capabilities and indigenize defense systems. KSV-21 is typically launched from naval vessels and is intended for precision strikes against land and sea targets. The missile features advanced guidance systems and is designed to operate effectively in various combat scenarios.

MESH, which stands for "Modified Encryption Standard for Home," is a block cipher that was designed to be efficient for use in home and small office environments. It is characterized by its simplicity and ease of implementation. MESH is constructed to provide a suitable level of security for applications where strong encryption is needed but where computational resources may be limited.

The **Mercy cipher** is a type of encryption technique used to encode messages. Specifically, it is a transposition cipher that adds a specific complexity to the arrangement of characters in the original message. The Mercy cipher rearranges the letters of the plaintext based on a predetermined set of criteria, but it is not as widely recognized or used as more common ciphers like the Caesar or Vigenère cipher.

NaSHA can refer to different things depending on the context in which it is used. Here are a couple of possibilities: 1. **NaSHA (Sodium Hyaluronate)**: This is a common term in the field of biochemistry and medicine. Sodium hyaluronate is a salt form of hyaluronic acid, a substance that naturally occurs in the body, particularly in connective tissues, skin, and cartilage.

"Navajo I" typically refers to an introductory course or level of study in the Navajo language, which is a Native American language spoken primarily by the Navajo people. Such courses, often labeled with the "I" designation, aim to teach the basics of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and culture associated with the Navajo language. These classes can be found in various educational institutions, community programs, or online platforms dedicated to preserving and promoting Indigenous languages.

PMAC, or "Parallel Message Authentication Code," is a cryptographic technique used to provide message authenticity and integrity. It is designed to efficiently create a MAC (Message Authentication Code) for variable-length messages using block cipher algorithms. Here are some key points about PMAC: 1. **Purpose**: PMAC is used to ensure that a message has not been altered in transit and that the sender is authenticated. This is crucial in various applications, such as secure communications and data integrity verification.

Rekeying in cryptography refers to the process of changing the cryptographic keys used for encryption and decryption. This is an important practice for maintaining the security of cryptographic systems, particularly for long-lived sessions or data. Here are some key aspects of rekeying: 1. **Security**: Over time, keys can become vulnerable due to potential exposure, advancing technology, or cryptanalysis. Regularly changing keys helps mitigate these risks.

Selected Areas in Cryptography (SAC) is a specific area of research within the broader field of cryptography. It often refers to focused studies, discussions, and published works that pertain to particular topics or advanced aspects of cryptographic theory and practice. These areas can include, but are not limited to: 1. **Cryptographic Protocols**: Study of various communication protocols that aim to secure conversations over potentially insecure channels.

The Square cipher, more commonly known as the "Playfair cipher," is a type of digraph substitution cipher that encrypts pairs of letters (bigrams) instead of single letters, which makes it more secure than simple substitution ciphers. It was invented by Charles Wheatstone in 1854 but is named after Lord Playfair, who promoted its use. To use the Playfair cipher, a square matrix of letters is constructed based on a keyword or phrase.

The Lomer–Cottrell junction is a type of defect in crystalline materials, specifically in the context of dislocations. It represents a particular arrangement where two edge dislocations intersect, leading to a localized area of distortion in the crystal lattice. This junction plays a significant role in the mechanics of materials, particularly those undergoing plastic deformation.

ZUC is a stream cipher that was developed in China as part of the country's national cryptographic standards. It was designed to be efficient and secure for use in various applications, particularly in wireless communication systems. ZUC was chosen as the security algorithm for the 4G LTE (Long-Term Evolution) mobile communication standard and is also used in 5G networks.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, there isn't a widely recognized public figure named Agostino Amadi. It's possible that this name refers to a private individual or a less-known person, or it might be a name that has emerged or gained recognition after my last update.

CrystEngCommunity is an online platform and community focused on crystallization and the field of crystallography. It aims to bring together researchers, scientists, and professionals who are interested in the study of crystal structures, properties, and related research areas. The community often shares information, resources, and discussions related to crystallization techniques, materials science, and the development and application of various crystallographic methods.

The Stone-Wales defect is a type of defect that can occur in graphene and other two-dimensional materials. It involves a local rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hexagonal lattice structure of graphene. The defect is characterized by the rotation of a pair of carbon-carbon bonds, which transforms one hexagonal ring in the lattice into a series of two adjacent pentagonal and heptagonal rings.

The Cottrell atmosphere refers to a specific electrochemical phenomenon that occurs during the mass transport of species in an electrochemical cell, particularly during voltammetric experiments. Named after the scientist who studied it, the Cottrell equation describes the current response of an electrochemical system under conditions of diffusion-controlled mass transport when an electrode is suddenly held at a potential that allows for faradaic reactions. In a Cottrell atmosphere, the current is proportional to the square root of time.

Minerals are classified into various crystal systems based on the symmetry and arrangement of their crystal lattices. There are seven primary crystal systems, each defined by specific geometric parameters such as the lengths of the axes and the angles between them. Here’s an overview of the seven crystal systems: 1. **Cubic (or Isometric)**: - Axes: All three axes are of equal length and intersect at right angles (90 degrees).

Crystallographic defects, also known as crystal defects, refer to imperfections in the regular geometric arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline structure. These defects play a crucial role in determining the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of materials.