Johan de Kleer is a prominent figure in the field of artificial intelligence, particularly known for his work in knowledge representation and reasoning. He is a researcher who contributed significantly to the development of systems that can perform reasoning tasks, such as diagnosing problems in complex systems and understanding causal relationships. De Kleer's work has implications in various applications, including engineering, robotics, and automated reasoning systems.
John Backus is recognized for his contributions to acoustics, particularly in the fields of sound propagation and environmental acoustics. While specific details about his research and achievements might not be widely documented, he is known for his work in understanding how sound behaves in various environments, which can include natural settings, urban areas, and architectural spaces.
John P. Vinti is not a widely recognized public figure, and there is limited information available about him. It's possible that he may be a private individual, a professional in a specific field, or a figure not covered extensively in public sources. If you are looking for information about a specific John P. Vinti related to a particular context (such as academia, business, or another area), could you please provide more details?
Joseph J. Monaghan could refer to various individuals, but without more context, it's difficult to provide a specific answer.
"Kalman Varga" does not appear to be a widely recognized term or concept as of my last update in October 2023. It could refer to a person's name, or it might be related to a specific niche topic not widely known in general discourse.
Keith Ward could refer to several individuals depending on the context, but one prominent figure by that name is a British theologian and author. Keith Ward is known for his work in philosophy and theology, particularly in the areas of metaphysics, the philosophy of religion, and the relationship between science and faith. He has written extensively on these subjects and is recognized for his efforts to engage with contemporary philosophical questions concerning religion.
Kim Plofker is a mathematician known for her work in the field of mathematics education, as well as research in the history of mathematics, particularly focused on the mathematics of ancient India. She has also contributed to the understanding of mathematical concepts in other historical contexts. Plofker's work often emphasizes the connections between mathematics and culture, showcasing how mathematical ideas develop and are influenced by historical and social factors.
Kushyar Gilani (also spelled as Khoshiyar Gilani) was a notable Persian astronomer and mathematician who lived in the 11th century. He played a significant role in the development of astronomical theories and practices during the Islamic Golden Age. Gilani is best known for his contributions to the field of astronomy, particularly for his work on star catalogs and astronomical tables.
Ladislav Rieger is a name that may refer to a few different individuals, so context is important for a precise answer. One notable figure is a Czech politician and economist known for his work in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was involved in various political movements and contributed to discussions about social and economic issues in the Czech lands.
The term "Landau set" might refer to several different contexts depending on the specific field or subject matter, but it is not a widely recognized term on its own in popular mathematical or scientific literature. Here are a few possible interpretations: 1. **Landau's Functions**: In mathematics, particularly in number theory, there are functions associated with the mathematician Edmund Landau (often discussed in the context of number theory and the distribution of prime numbers).
The Hirsch–Plotkin radical is a concept in the field of abstract algebra, particularly in the study of rings and algebras. It is named after mathematicians H. Hirsch and M. Plotkin. In the context of a commutative ring, the Hirsch–Plotkin radical can be understood as a certain type of radical that captures properties of the ring related to its ideals.
László Lovász is a prominent Hungarian mathematician known for his significant contributions to various areas of mathematics, particularly in combinatorics, graph theory, and theoretical computer science. Born on March 9, 1937, he has made foundational contributions to fields such as discrete mathematics and algorithms. One of his notable achievements is the development of the Lovász Local Lemma, a powerful tool in probabilistic combinatorics.
webpack/template by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
../webpack/template contains a reasonable starter template.
This will produce, under dist/ the following minimized files:
You can also run this test with the development server on localhost:9000:
npm start
which uses unminimized outptus, and automatically push reloads the page whenever you change any of the input files!
In category theory, a **Lax functor** is a generalization of a functor that allows for the preservation of structures in a "lax" manner. It can be thought of as a way to connect two categories while allowing for a certain degree of flexibility, typically in the form of a "lax" morphism between them that does not need to preserve all of the structure exactly.
Lazard's universal ring, denoted as \( L \), is a fundamental construction in algebraic topology, specifically in the context of homotopy theory and stable homotopy categories. It is a ring that encodes information about stable homotopy groups of based topological spaces. More formally, Lazard's universal ring can be thought of as a certain commutative ring that classifies vector bundles over spheres and, by extension, stable homotopy types of spaces.
Lebanese astronomers have made notable contributions to the field of astronomy, both historically and in contemporary times. Lebanon's geographical location, with its clear skies and mountainous terrain, has provided a suitable environment for astronomical observation. Historically, during the Islamic Golden Age (8th to 14th century), scholars from the region, including those from Lebanon, contributed to the advancement of astronomical knowledge.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 2.
    You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either https://OurBigBook.com or as a static website
    .
    Figure 3.
    Visual Studio Code extension installation
    .
    Figure 4.
    Visual Studio Code extension tree navigation
    .
    Figure 5.
    Web editor
    . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
    Video 4.
    OurBigBook Visual Studio Code extension editing and navigation demo
    . Source.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact