How large primes are found for RSA Updated 2025-07-16
Answers suggest hat you basically pick a random large odd number, and add 2 to it until your selected primality test passes.
The prime number theorem tells us that the probability that a number between 1 and is a prime number is .
Therefore, for an N-bit integer, we only have to run the test N times on average to find a prime.
Since say, A 512-bit integer is already humongous and sufficiently large, we would only need to search 512 times on average even for such sizes, and therefore the procedure scales well.
Human Compatible Updated 2025-07-16
The key takeaway is that setting an explicit value function to an AGI entity is a good way to destroy the world due to poor AI alignment. We are more likely to not destroy by creating an AI whose goals is to "do want humans what it to do", but in a way that it does not know before hand what it is that humans want, and it has to learn from them. This approach appears to be known as reward modeling.
Some other cool ideas:
  • a big thing that is missing for AGI in the 2010's is some kind of more hierarchical representation of the continuous input data of the world, e.g.:
  • game theory can be seen as part of artificial intelligence that deals with scenarios where multiple intelligent agents are involved
  • probability plays a crucial role in our everyday living, even though we don't think too much about it every explicitly. He gives a very good example of the cost/risk tradeoffs of planning to the airport to catch a plane. E.g.:
    • should you leave 2 days in advance to be sure you'll get there?
    • should you pay an armed escort to make sure you are not attacked in the way?
  • economy, and notably the study of the utility, is intrinsically linked to AI alignment
Skype Updated 2025-07-16
Lit: fish timber question answer.
The dialog is also known as allegory for an incredibly deep philosophical discussion between an idealized wise woodcutter and a fisherman, e.g. mentioned at: www2.kenyon.edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Writings/Fisherman%20and%20Woodcutter.pdf
This song is just too slow for Ciro Santilli to make much out of it.
Figure 1.
Dialog between Fisherman and Woodcutter Chinese traditional painting by Xie Shichen
.
Video 1.
Dialog between Fisherman and Woodcutter uploaded by Fei Sun
. Source.
Video 2.
Dialog between Fisherman and Woodcutter performed by Wu Jinglüe
. Source. Accompagnied by di flute to reinforce the idea of two voices. This one has TODO year.
Diffie-Hellman vs ECDH Updated 2025-07-16
ECDH has smaller keys. youtu.be/gAtBM06xwaw?t=634 mentions some interesting downsides:
JT-60 Updated 2025-07-16
Zen Updated 2025-07-16
Perhaps the appeal of Zen is that it stepped away from Mahayana's "God and entities", and went a bit back towards the Buddhist psychology-like/self improvement grassroots?
Digital signature Updated 2025-07-16
One notable application: cryptocurrency, see e.g. how Bitcoin works.
Free license Updated 2025-07-16
Functional programming Updated 2025-07-16
Even if we cannot do everything in functional, we should at least strive to clearly extract functional substes in what we do.
Diode bridge Updated 2025-07-16
Donald Knuth Updated 2025-07-16
Nu (letter) Updated 2025-07-16
Why would physicists use a letter such that:
  • the upper case version looks exactly like an upper case N. At least that is the correct pronunciation/name/historical successor of .
  • the lower case version looks exactly like a lower case V
Why? Why?????????

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