Fishers of men Updated +Created
Gospel of Matthew 4 King James Version:
18 And Jesus, walking by the sea of Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and andrew the Apostle his brother, casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers.
19 And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men.
Fujitsu Updated +Created
The japanese name literally means:
  • 富士 fushi, from Mount Fuji, which itself has unknown origin
  • 通 tong: telecommunications
Quantum Mechanics for Engineers by Leon van Dommelen (2011) Updated +Created
Looks very impressive! Last update marked 2011 as of 2020.
Goes up to "A.15 quantum field theory in a Nanoshell", Ciro have to review it to see if there's anything worthwhile in that section.
Personal page says he retired as of 2020: www.eng.fsu.edu/~dommelen/ But hopefully he has more time for these notes!
And he appears to have his own lightweight markup language that transpiles to LaTeX called l2h: www.eng.fsu.edu/~dommelen/l2h/
Knowledge graph Updated +Created
Many people believe that knowledge graphs are a key element of AGI: Knowledge graph as a component of AGI.
Bibligraphy:
Silicon Graphics Updated +Created
This company is a bit like Sun Microsystems, you can hear a note of awe in the voice of those who knew it at its peak. This was a bit before Ciro Santilli's awakening.
Those people created OpenGL for God's sake! Venerable.
Both of them and Sun kind of died in the same way, unable to move from the workstation to the personal computer fast enough, and just got killed by the scale of competitors who did, notably Nvidia for graphics cards.
Some/all Nintendo 64 games were developed on it, e.g. it is well known that this was the case for Super Mario 64.
Also they were a big UNIX vendor, which is another kudos to the company.
Video 1.
Silicon Graphics Promo (1987)
Source. Highlights that this was one of the first widely available options for professional engineers/designers to do real-time 3D rendering for their designs. Presumably before it, you had to do use scripting to CPU render and do any changes incrementally by modifying the script.
Chicago Pile-1 Updated +Created
The first human-made nuclear chain reaction.
Video 1.
Getting funding for the Chicago Pile Edward Teller interview by Web of Stories (1996)
Source.
Video 2.
German graphite from The Genius Behind the Bomb (1992)
Source. Graphite was expensive because it had to be boron-free, since boron absorbs neutrons. But a boron process was the main way to make graphite. This type of pure graphite is known as nuclear graphite.
Gao Qiu Updated +Created
The ball game is named cuju.
He is extremely despicable and petty, enjoys only useless things, and is vengeful and disloyal. Rooting for sport teams is stupid.
Surely his family name 俅 is a pun on the same sounding character 求 for ball.
Galaxy in the Local Group Updated +Created
Galaxy in the Virgo cluster Updated +Created
Some major ones:
Gallatin School of Individualized Study Updated +Created
This one has students must have a flexible choice of what to learn on the name! Sounds interesting!
Galaxies nearest the Milky Way Updated +Created
The first proper galaxy near the Milky Way is the Andromeda Galaxy. Everything else in the middle is a satellite of either of of those.
Black-body radiation experiment Updated +Created
  • The Quantum Story by Jim Baggott (2011) page 10 mentions:
    Early examples of such cavities included rather expensive closed cylinders made from porcelain and platinum.
    and the footnote comments:
    The study of cavity radiation was not just about establishing theoretical principles, however. It was also of interest to the German Bureau of Standards as a reference for rating electric lamps.
  • 1859-60 Gustav Kirchhoff demonstrated that the ratio of emitted to absorbed energy depends only on the frequency of the radiation and the temperature inside the cavity
  • 1896 Wien approximation seems to explain existing curves well
  • 1900 expriments by Otto Lummer and Ernst Pringsheim show Wien approximation is bad for lower frequencies
  • 1900-10-07 Heinrich Rubens visits Planck in Planck's villa in the Berlin suburb of Grünewald and informs him about new experimental he and Ferdinand Kurlbaum obtained, still showing that Wien approximation is bad
  • 1900 Planck's law matches Lummer and Pringsheim's experiments well. Planck forced to make the "desperate" postulate that energy is exchanged in quantized lumps. Not clear that light itself is quantized however, he thinks it might be something to do with allowed vibration modes of the atoms of the cavity rather.
  • 1900 Rayleigh-Jeans law derived from classical first principles matches Planck's law for low frequencies, but diverges at higher frequencies.
Video 1.
Black-body Radiation Experiment by sciencesolution (2008)
Source. A modern version of the experiment with a PASCO scientific EX-9920 setup.
Google Street View Updated +Created
Street View's go into the past mode is the dream of every archaeologist. Ciro can only dream of a magic street view that allows going back to earlier centuries and beyond... isn't it amazing to think that people in the future will have that ability to time travel back to around the year 2006? Ciro wonders how long Google will be able to keep storing data like that.
Thanks, CIA.
g4ad.xlarge Updated +Created
Generator of a Lie algebra Updated +Created
Genome Updated +Created
Germline Updated +Created
It is quite mind blowing when you think about it, that the huge majority of your body's cells is essentially just there to support a tiny ammount of germline, which are the only cells that can actually pass on! It is fun to imagine the cell type tree for this, with a huge branching of somatic cells, and only a few germline going forward.
ASML Holding Updated +Created
As of 2020 leading makers of the most important fab photolithography equipment.
Video 1.
ASML: TSMC's Critical Supplier by Asianometry (2021)
Source.
Video 2.
How ASML Won Lithography by Asianometry (2021)
Source.
First there were dominant Elmer and Geophysics Corporation of America dominating the market.
Then a Japanese government project managed to make Nikon and Canon Inc. catch up, and in 1989, when Ciro Santilli was born, they had 70% of the market.
youtu.be/SB8qIO6Ti_M?t=240 In 1995, ASML had reached 25% market share. Then it managed the folloging faster than the others:
Gauge theory Updated +Created
The term and idea was first introduced initialized by Hermann Weyl when he was working on combining electromagnetism and general relativity to formulate Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime in 1918 and published as Gravity and electricity by Hermann Weyl (1918). Based on perception that symmetry implies charge conservation. The same idea was later adapted for quantum electrodynamics, a context in which is has even more impact.

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