Skullcandy earphones, first one circa. 2016 most likely. Used them a lot, these are good.
2023-07: one of the sides broke near center, rebuying.
2021-07: wire half broke near connector, only works in some positions. The funny thing is: only voices seem to be blocked out! Rebuying.
2021-06: a small bottom piece of the left earpiece broke. Wire seems find, that is like a little extension to protect wire. Let's see for how long.
2020-20: wires at one of ears broke, not sure how.
Tech specs:
Connection Type: 3.5mm AUX Cable
Impedence: 32 ohms
Driver Diameter: 9mm
THD: <0.1% (1mW/500Hz) (0.0234)
Sound Pressure Level: 95 dB (1mW/500Hz)
Frequency Response: 20kHz - 20Hz
Headphone Type: In-Ear
In degrees Celsius:
  • 25+
    • palm tree shade and coconut water. Seriously though, if there's some shade or earlier morning/later afternoon it's OK, but if it's on an open road at midday, be careful, and stop early if you start getting slightly dizzy, it only gets worse!
  • 18-25
  • 15-18:
  • 10-15:
    • dhb Classic Thermal Bib Tights 10 and under. TODO this is a bit too warm for the upper range, need something more intermediate
    • "dhb Lightweight Mesh Long Sleeve Base Layer"
    • Castelli Perfetto RoS Long Sleeve - Cycling jersey. TODO this is a bit too warm for the upper range, need something more intermediate
    • "Karrimor X Lite Run Black Headband"
    • "Nike academy hyperwarm gloves"
    • "Nevica Skuff". A bit too hot on upper range, but easy to take off.
  • 0-10:
    • dhb Merino Long Sleeve Base Layer
    • Castelli Perfetto RoS Long Sleeve - Cycling jersey
    • dhb Classic Thermal Bib Tights 10 and under
    • dhb Dorica MTB Shoe (2020-12)
    • "Karrimor X Lite Run Black Headband". Head a bit cold on lower range.
    • "dhb Neoprene Nylon Overshoes". Feet a bit cold on lower range.
    • "Extremities XDRY gloves". Hands a bit cold on lower range.
    • "Nevica Skuff"
Bad film by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Many bad films have good aspects. They just didn't cross the elusive threshold of a good film.
Breadboard by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
This is how electronic circuits are normally prototyped!
Once you validate them like this, the next step is usually to move on to printed circuit boards for more reliable production setups.
Breadboards are a thing of beauty and wonder.
Figure 1.
Point-to-point constructions on woden boards
. Source. Predecessors to breadboards from where the name came. A thing of beauty, so vintage. You could actually write stuff on those with a pencil!
Video 1.
Breadboards - Trash or Treasure? by Keysight (2020)
Source.
Cycle graph (algebra) by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
How to build it: math.stackexchange.com/questions/3137319/how-in-general-does-one-construct-a-cycle-graph-for-a-group/3162746#3162746 good answer with ASCII art. You basically just pick each element, and repeatedly apply it, and remove any path that has a longer version.
Immediately gives the generating set of a group by looking at elements adjacent to the origin, and more generally the order of each element.
TODO uniqueness: can two different groups have the same cycle graph? It does not seem to tell us how every element interact with every other element, only with itself. This is in contrast with the Cayley graph, which more accurately describes group structure (but does not give the order of elements as directly), so feels like it won't be unique.
Change of basis by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
where:
Subtle is the Lord by Abraham Pais (1982) page 85:
However, it became increasingly difficult in chemical circles to deny the reality of molecules after 1874, the year in which Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff and Joseph Achille Le Bel independently explained the isomerism of certain organic substances in terms of stereochemical properties of carbon compounds.
so it is quite cool to see that organic chemistry is one of the things that pushed atomic theory forward. Because when you start to observe that isomers has different characteristics, despite identical proportions of atoms, this is really hard to explain without talking about the relative positions of the atoms within molecules!
TODO: is there anything even more precise that points to atoms in stereoisomers besides just the "two isomers with different properties" thing?
This notation is designed to be relatively easy to write. This is achieved by not drawing ultra complex ASCII art boxes of every component. It would be slightly more readable if we did that, but prioritizing the writer here.
Two wires are only joined if + is given. E.g. the following two wires are not joined:
  |
--|--
  |
but the following are:
  |
--+--
  |
Simple symmetric components:
Asymmetric components have multiple letters indicating different ports. The capital letter indicates the device, and lower case letters the ports. The wires then go into the ports:
  • D: diode
    • a: anode (where electrons can come in from)
    • c: cathode
    Sample usage in a circuit:
    --aDc--
    Can also be used vertically like aany other circuit:
    |
    a
    D
    c
    |
    We can also change the port order, the device is still the same due to capital D:
    --cDa--
    
     |
    Dac--
    
     |
    Dca--
    
       |
    --caD
  • DC DC source. Ports:
    • p: positive
    • n: negative
    E.g. a 10 V source with a 10 Ohm resistor would be:
    +---pDC_10_n---+
    |              |
    +----R_10------+
    If only one side is given, the other is assumed to be at a the ground G. We can also omit p and m in that case and assume that p is the one used, e.g. the above would be equivalent to:
    DC_10---R_10---G
    If the voltage is not given, it is assumed to be a variable voltage power supply.
  • LED: same as diode
  • I: electric current source. Ports:
  • P: potentiometer source. Ports:
    • 1: one of the sides
    • 2: the middle
    • 3: the other side
  • T: transistor. The ports are sgTd:
    • s: source
    • g: gate
    • d: gate
    Sample usage in a circuit:
    ---+
       |
    --sgTd--
    All the following are also equivalent:
       |
       g
    --sTd--
    
        |
    --Tsgd--
       |
  • V: Voltmeter. Ports:
    • p: positive
    • n: negative
    If we don't need to specify explicit positive and negative sides, we can just use:
    ---V---
    without any ports. This is notably often the case for AC circuits.
    Optionally, we can also add the sides as in:
  • ports can also be separated by double underscores from the component names to increase readability. Single underscores can also be used to increase readability of longer multi-word component names e.g.:
    RPI_PICO_W__1gp0__3gnd
                |       |
                R_2k    |
                |       |
                +-aLEDc-+
    which is the same as:
    RPI_PICO_W
    1gp0  3gnd
    |       |
    R_2k    |
    |       |
    +-aLEDc-+
    represents a circuit linking port 1 of a Raspberry Pi Pico W, which is GPIO pin 0, through a resistor and an LED, back to pin 3 of the board, which is ground.
Numbers characterizing components are put just next to each component with an underscore. When there is only one parameter, standard units are assumed, e.g.:
+-----+
|     |
C_1p  R_2k
|     |
+-----+
means:
Micro is denoted as u.
Wires can just freely come in and out of specs of a component, they are then just connected to the component, e.g.:
DC_10---R_10---G
means applying a voltage of 10 V across a 10 Ohm resistor, which would lead to a current of 1 A
If a component has more than two parameters, units are used to distinguish them when possible, e.g.:
AC_1kV_2MHz
means an AC source with:

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