Children: Oceanography
The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) was an Earth-observing satellite instrument developed for the purpose of monitoring and measuring ocean color, which reflects the concentration of phytoplankton, suspended sediments, and dissolved organic materials in coastal waters. Launched on the Nimbus-7 satellite by NASA in 1978, the CZCS was one of the first instruments specifically designed to quantify the optical properties of the ocean.
The Cobb–Eickelberg Seamount chain is an underwater volcanic mountain range located in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of the northwestern United States, particularly near the state of Washington. This seamount chain is part of the larger system of seamounts and volcanic features that are associated with hotspot volcanic activity, which occurs as tectonic plates move over stationary magma plumes in the Earth's mantle.
The continental rise is a submerged landform that marks the transition between the continental shelf and the deep ocean floor. It is typically found beyond the continental slope and consists of a gradual incline formed by sediment deposition from the continental shelf. Here's a more detailed breakdown of its features: 1. **Location**: The continental rise is located at the base of the continental slope, where the steep descent of the slope ends and the seafloor gradually flattens, leading into the abyssal plain.
Contour currents, also known as contourite currents, are oceanic currents that flow along the contour lines of the seabed, often influenced by the topography of the ocean floor. These currents are typically found on continental slopes and deep-sea regions and play a significant role in redistributing sediments and influencing the geological characteristics of the seafloor.
Currentology is a term that appears to be relatively niche and not widely recognized in mainstream academic or professional contexts. It seems to refer to the study or analysis of current events, trends, and dynamics within a particular field or society. It could involve examining political, social, economic, or technological developments and their implications.
Davidson Seamount is an underwater mountain located in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of California. It is part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary and is situated approximately 120 kilometers (about 75 miles) southwest of the city of Monterey. The seamount rises from the ocean floor and reaches depths of around 1,450 meters (about 4,800 feet). Davidson Seamount is notable for its unique geological features and rich biodiversity.
A deep-sea community refers to a collection of organisms and their interactions within the deep-sea environment, typically found at depths greater than 200 meters (656 feet) below sea level. This environment is characterized by extreme conditions, including high pressure, low temperatures, and complete darkness, which significantly influence the types of life that can thrive there.
Deep-sea exploration refers to the scientific investigation and study of the deep ocean, which includes the waters below 200 meters (656 feet) down to the ocean floor, often reaching depths of over 11,000 meters (36,000 feet) in places like the Mariana Trench. This area is less understood than outer space and is crucial for understanding Earth's climate, marine biodiversity, geology, and many other scientific disciplines.
The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum (DCM) refers to a layer in the water column, typically found in the ocean, where chlorophyll concentrations—and thus phytoplankton biomass—are significantly higher than in the surrounding layers. This phenomenon often occurs below the surface layer, typically at depths of around 30 to 100 meters, but the exact depth can vary depending on factors such as geographical location, season, and water column stratification.
The deep scattering layer (DSL) is a phenomenon observed in the ocean where a distinct layer of organisms scatters sound waves, leading to an echo that can be detected by sonar. This layer is typically found at depths of around 200 to 1,000 meters (656 to 3,280 feet), although its exact depth can vary depending on the location and time of year.
Discovery Seamounts is a submerged volcanic feature located in the Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Hawaiian Islands. The term "seamount" refers to underwater mountains formed by volcanic activity, typically rising from the ocean floor but not reaching the water's surface. Discovery Seamounts is part of a larger series of volcanic structures in the region and is known for its unique marine biodiversity and geological features.
The East Greenland Current is a significant oceanic current that flows southward along the eastern coast of Greenland. It is part of the larger Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and plays a crucial role in the climate and oceanography of the North Atlantic region. ### Key Characteristics: 1. **Origin**: The current originates from the Arctic Ocean, particularly from the waters around the Greenland Sea and the Barents Sea.
Ecosystem-based management (EBM) is a holistic approach to managing natural resources and environmental systems that takes into account the complex interactions within ecosystems, as well as the socio-economic factors that influence and are influenced by these systems. Instead of focusing on individual species or sectors in isolation, EBM recognizes that ecological, social, and economic systems are interconnected and that effective management must address these interdependencies.
Edward Brinton is not a widely known public figure or concept, so it's possible that you're referring to a lesser-known individual or a specific context that I might not have information on. There is, however, a significant Edward Brinton who was an American anatomist and paleontologist, known for his contributions to the field of paleobiology.
The Ekman spiral is a phenomenon in oceanography and meteorology that describes the layered pattern of water movement in the ocean that results from wind stress and the Coriolis effect. When the wind blows across the surface of the ocean, it exerts a force on the water, causing it to move. However, because of the Earth's rotation, this movement is not straightforward. ### Key Features of the Ekman Spiral: 1. **Wind Stress**: The wind pushes the surface layer of water.
Ekman velocity is a concept from physical oceanography that describes the velocity of water movement in the upper layers of the ocean as a result of the balance between wind stress and the Coriolis effect. It is derived from the Ekman layer, which is a part of the ocean that responds to wind forcing. When wind blows across the surface of the ocean, it exerts a stress on the water surface.
Equatorial Rossby waves are a type of wave that occurs in the atmosphere and oceans near the equator. They are part of a broader classification known as Rossby waves, which are large-scale waves that result from the rotation of the Earth (Coriolis effect) and the gradient of pressure in the atmosphere. Equatorial Rossby waves are characterized by their unique properties at low latitudes, primarily due to the atmospheric dynamics in this region.
The European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA) was a significant research initiative aimed at studying the impacts of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems and the broader implications for the environment and society. Funded by the European Union, EPOCA ran from 2008 to 2012 and brought together scientists from various disciplines and countries to collaborate on research related to ocean chemistry and the biological effects of increasing carbon dioxide levels in the ocean.
Euxinia is a term that historically refers to the Black Sea and its surrounding region. The name derives from the ancient Greek word "Euxeinos," which translates to " hospitable" or "welcoming." This designation was somewhat ironic, as the Black Sea was known for its treacherous waters and inhospitable conditions for navigation and settlement at times.
Expocode, short for "Expedition Code," is a unique identifier assigned to oceanographic and marine research data. It is used mainly in the fields of oceanography and marine sciences to catalog and reference datasets collected during research expeditions, such as those conducted on research vessels. The Expocode typically includes information about the ship, the cruise number, and the year of the expedition, enabling researchers and data users to trace the origin of the data and understand its context.