Publisher: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Electrical and Computer Engineering Undergraduate Laboratory.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: ecelabs.njit.edu/ece489/lab2.php

Institutionally issued ECE 489 laboratory procedure. No named individual author or instructor verified; no publication date inferred from its hosting or course association.

Cited passages: Part I, Figure 2 and steps T1–T7: VCO preparation, frequency-counter readout, DC sensitivity and linearity sweep; “Special Cases, β=1.45 and β=2.405”, compared with the inconsistent numerical annotation in T12; “The FM Spectrum”, steps T8–T13: audio-oscillator input, simultaneous waveform/FFT, unmodulated reference, relative sideband heights and carrier minimum.

Published in Physics 183 Laboratory, Experiment 5.

Online text: courses.umass.edu/physlabs/labresources/p183/manuals/Ex5_183.pdf

Physics 183 Laboratory, Experiment 5, Fall 2004, as printed in the handout headers. The University of Massachusetts is the verified institutional host; no author byline or publication date is established.

Cited passages: Printed p. 1, theory and Figure 2; p. 5, Part III; worksheet p. 2, Table 3; Printed p. 5, Part III, steps 1–7 and Figure 6; worksheet p. 2, Table 3.

Issued by Oberlin College.

This source is credited to an organization.

Published in Oberlin physics demonstration catalog, DCS 4B40.30.

Online text: www2.oberlin.edu/physics/catalog/demonstrations/thermo/lesliecube.html

Cited passages: Oberlin College, Leslie Cube, apparatus list, Description and Notes: four finishes, common temperature, preheat and detector-cover control.

Publisher: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

This source is credited to an organization.

Published in 6.237 Modern Optics Project Laboratory.

Online text: web.mit.edu/6.161/www/LAB4-Diffraction-FT24.pdf

Institutionally issued laboratory handout for MIT 6.237, Modern Optics Project Laboratory, Fall 2024. The course term is printed on the title page; it is not asserted as a publication date. No personal author or instructor inferred from the host or course association.

Cited passages: pp. 1–2, introduction, PL4.1 and Fig. 1; p. 5, §4.7; p. 6, §4.9: apparatus, readout and regime comparison.

Online text: classes.oc.edu/PhysicsLab/POTENTIO.htm

Cited passages: Experimental Activity, calibration procedure and measuring a test cell; measuring internal resistance, side branch K-A-R and simultaneous readings; Measuring internal resistance of a cell, final analysis paragraphs: line intercept/slope and comparison with the earlier emf measurement.

Online text: www.phy.olemiss.edu/~thomas/weblab/221_exp_procedures_spr2006/221_Friction_Proc_Fall_2017.pdf

Cited passages: Experiment 6, The Coefficient of Friction, PDF pp. 1–2: Equipment, Objectives, Procedure steps 1–7.

By Jeanne M. Houston, David J. Livigni.

Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Published in Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 106(4), 641–647.

Online text: nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/106/4/j64hou.pdf

Cited passages: §§2–3, printed pp. 642–643: apparatus, wavelengths, readout and the two substitution protocols; §§3–5, printed pp. 643–646, especially Tables 2–3 and spatial-uniformity checks.

Issued by National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: www.nist.gov/programs-projects/pico-watt-acr

Cited passages: Description, Design Parameters for Improved ACR Sensitivity; Key Design Features: conical receiver, coating, constant-temperature loop and thin-walled Kapton link; Key Design Features, final paragraph: response time proportional to receiver heat capacity and inverse thermal conductance.

Page created 14 August 2015; updated 10 April 2025. These are web timestamps, not an independently verified initial apparatus-publication date.

Issued by National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: www.nist.gov/pml/sensor-science/temperature-humidity/thermocouples-calibrations-services

Page created 5 May 2009; updated 16 December 2025. The creation timestamp is not an independently verified first-publication date.

Issued by National Instruments.

Publisher: National Instruments Corporation.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: download.ni.com/support/manuals/371074c.pdf

Manual 371074C-01, July 2006 revision; copyright 2002–2006.

Issued by National Instruments.

Publisher: National Instruments Corporation.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: docs-be.ni.com/bundle/373344a/raw/resource/enus/373344a.pdf

Manual 373344A-01, released October 2002.

Issued by National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: www.nist.gov/pml/sensor-science/thermodynamic-metrology/mercury-thermometer-alternatives/mercury-thermometer-1

Cited passages: Platinum Resistance Thermometers, opening explanation: SPRTs as ITS-90 interpolation tools; Platinum Resistance Thermometers, opening explanation: conventional 100-ohm element at 0 °C.

Page created 14 December 2011; updated 16 April 2024. The creation timestamp is not an independently established first-publication date.

By Gregory F. Strouse, Billy W. Mangum, C. D. Vaughn, E. Y. Xu.

Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Online text: tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=830609

Cited passages: A New NIST Automated Calibration System for Industrial-Grade Platinum Resistance Thermometers, §§3.1, 3.3 and 4.2, printed pp. 2–6: baths, readout, four-terminal devices and reversed current; §1, printed p. 2; §4.2, printed pp. 5–6; §5.4, printed p. 9: excluded effects, drift rejection, check thermometer, immersion and extra fit checks.

NISTIR 6225, published 1 September 1998.

By Jonathan Pearce, Richard Rusby, Kazuaki Yamazawa, Steffen Rudtsch, Luigi Iacomini, Giuseppina Lopardo, D. R. White, Weston L. Tew.

Publisher: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures.

Online text: www.bipm.org/documents/20126/41773843/BIPM_CCT_Guide_to_IPRTs.pdf/b3bd8bba-3b0b-ab46-481f-29ceddf7bb31?download=true&version=1.1

Cited passages: Guide on Secondary Thermometry: Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers, §2.1, printed pp. 6–7: resistivity, electron scattering, and impurities; §4.1, printed pp. 24–26, equation (4.1.1): self-heating, two-current extrapolation, and medium dependence; §§1–2.2, printed pp. 5–11: industrial elements versus SPRTs and wire/film construction; §§4.4.1 and 4.4.3, printed pp. 30 and 32–33: two-wire inclusion of leads and four-wire exclusion.

The PDF was updated on 22 November 2021; the NIST catalogue gives a publication date of 18 January 2022. The Consultative Committee for Thermometry prepared the guidelines under the auspices of the International Committee for Weights and Measures.

Additional response-time locator: §4.3, printed pp. 28–30, equations 4.3.1–4.3.3, develops first-order response, its dependence on thermometer and medium, and a measured two-component response with distinct fast and slow time constants. www.bipm.org/documents/20126/41773843/BIPM_CCT_Guide_to_IPRTs.pdf/b3bd8bba-3b0b-ab46-481f-29ceddf7bb31?download=true&version=1.1

Collection of sources; individual chapter authors and dates are recorded below.

Publisher: National Council of Educational Research and Training.

This source is credited to an organization.

Collection of sources; individual chapter authors and dates are recorded below.

Publisher: National Council of Educational Research and Training.

This source is credited to an organization.

Publisher: Pearson Education Ltd.

Online text: qualifications.pearson.com/content/dam/pdf/International%20GCSE/Science%20%28Double%20Award%29/2024/teaching-and-learning-materials/core-practical-guide-modular-biology-chemistry-physics.pdf

Issue 1. Copyright 2024; the cover identifies first teaching September 2024. These are not asserted as a publication date.

Cited passages: International GCSE (Modular) Core Practical Guide, Issue 1, Physics core practicals 8–9, printed pp. 171–172 and 178–179: slit source, internal angle convention, pencil crosses, side-edge avoidance and sine-plot axes.

Online text: courses.egr.uh.edu/ECE/ECE2202/Trombetta%20Lecture%20Notes/Notes.TheveninNortonReview.pdf

Cited passages: Thevenin and Norton Equivalents, p. 11, “On a Negative Thevenin Equivalent Resistance”: dependent-source models can have negative equivalent resistance; Thevenin and Norton Equivalents, pp. 1–2, “The Idea” and “Important Notes”: equivalence at the specified terminals; Thevenin and Norton Equivalents, pp. 5–7, “Test Source Method for RTH” and Notes: suppress independent sources, retain dependent sources.

By James M. Fiore.

Publisher: James M. Fiore via dissidents.

Online text: www2.mvcc.edu/users/faculty/jfiore/Circuits1/labs/LaboratoryManualForDCElectricalCircuits.pdf

Inspected manual version 1.4.3 dated 28 October 2020; not a claim about its first publication.

Cited passages: Laboratory Manual for DC Electrical Circuit Analysis by James M. Fiore, version 1.4.3, experiment 11, printed pp. 52–55: Equipment, Procedure 1–10, Tables 11.1–11.3.

By Clemson University physics lecture demonstrations.

Publisher: Clemson University.

This source is credited to an organization.

Online text: science.clemson.edu/physics/labs/Demo_Web/Demos/1q60.40.htm

Cited passages: Spinning Book by Clemson University, physics lecture demonstrations, 1Q60.40: Purpose, Description and Equipment.