In a discrete-time market, the bank account reinvests at each successive spot interest rate:
B0=1,Bt=∏s=0t−1(1+rs).
Reinvest each maturity payment in the next unit-principal zero-coupon bond. Positive bond prices make the resulting self-financing portfolio strictly positive, so it can be used as a numéraire. Its one-step growth is the reciprocal of the current one-period bond price.
The value of an account that continuously reinvests at the short rate r, with B0=1. Its reciprocal is the discount factor Dt=Bt−1.
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