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Interpolation property of weighted least-squares polynomial approximation (#{x:f(x)=pn​(x)}≥n+1)

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Analysis Numerical analysis Interpolation Polynomial interpolation
2026-10-25  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
Let f be a real continuous function on a nondegenerate compact interval and let pn​ be its best approximation among polynomials of polynomial degree at most n for a positive integrable weighted inner product. Then f−pn​ has at least n+1 distinct zeros. Indeed, if it had at most n, multiply it by the polynomial with simple zeros at precisely its interior sign changes. The product has constant nonzero sign away from finitely many zeros, so its weighted integral is nonzero, contradicting orthogonality of f−pn​ to all polynomials of polynomial degree at most n.

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  1. Polynomial interpolation
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  • Past exam of the numerical analysis course of the University of Oxford / 2021 / 1 / b / ii / Solution

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