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Andre Geim, Konstantin Novoselov and collaborators mechanically cleaved graphite, identified thin flakes, and fabricated multi-terminal Hall bars on oxidized silicon. A substrate gate changed the carrier density; longitudinal electrical resistance and the Hall coefficient supplied different checks. The 2004 report included one-, two- and three-layer devices and described a few-layer semimetal interpretation. Layer identification and electrical control were separate experimental achievements.[ref]
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films by Konstantin Novoselov and others. pp.1–2 and Figs.1–2: preparation, thickness selection and electrical measurements
The 2005 monolayer study used an optical microscope, electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to select monolayers. It then measured Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations as temperature, gate voltage and magnetic field varied. Their damping inferred a density-dependent cyclotron effective mass; comparison with oscillation frequency tested a linear dispersion relation. A comparison with two-layer devices also distinguished their quantum Hall effect sequences. These are complementary tests of the monolayer model, rather than consequences of finding a thin-looking flake alone.[ref]
Two-Dimensional Gas of Massless Dirac Fermions in Graphene by Konstantin Novoselov and others. pp.1–3, Figs.2–4: monolayer selection, oscillation damping and bilayer comparison
Konstantin Novoselov Created 2026-10-18 Updated 2026-11-05
Konstantin Novoselov coauthored experiments showing that atomically thin graphene can operate as an electrically controlled conducting sheet. A gate changes its carrier population, making a single carbon layer an accessible two-dimensional electron gas. The 2004 work demonstrated a field effect and ballistic transport over submicrometre distances even at room temperature. It turned an isolated atomic layer into a device for testing transport in two dimensions.[ref]
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films by Konstantin Novoselov and others. Science 306, 666 (2004), abstract and field-effect measurements
A physicist researching experimental condensed matter physics.[ref]
Honorary Fellows: Professor Sir Konstantin Novoselov by Institute of Physics. Independent professional identity
Portrait of Konstantin Novoselov
. Zp2010; 30 August 2013. CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Source.
Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 2026-10-18
Awarded in equal shares to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov for pioneering experiments on the two-dimensional material graphene.[ref]
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 by Nobel Prize Outreach. Individual official summary: Geim and Novoselov one half each; experiments on two-dimensional graphene.