Silicon dioxide is , a network-forming oxide occurring in crystalline forms such as quartz and in amorphous silica. Its solid is not a collection of isolated linear molecules.
The connectivity and arrangement of silicon-oxygen units affect density, optical behavior, and mechanical properties. This makes crystalline quartz and silica glass chemically similar but structurally distinct materials.
A structural polymorph of silicon dioxide. In a coesite–stishovite transition calculation, the entropy-change sign must use the same conversion direction as the specific-volume change.
A dense structural polymorph of silicon dioxide. Comparing its unit-cell volume per formula unit with that of a coexisting phase supplies the specific-volume difference needed in a Clapeyron equation calculation.
Quartz is a crystalline form of silicon dioxide, . Its ordered structure distinguishes it from amorphous silica glass.
It is piezoelectric material: suitable mechanical deformation changes electric polarization. Quartz resonators exploit the reproducible mechanical resonance of a shaped crystal to stabilize an oscillator, linking crystal symmetry with time and frequency measurement.
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