Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2024 iii Paper 303 2 e i Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
At order , use the two-point sunset diagram: two quartic vertices are joined by three internal propagators, with one external line attached to each vertex. Unlike the one-vertex tadpole diagram, its self-energy depends nontrivially on the external momentum . The coefficient of in the expansion of changes the kinetic term, so normalizing that term requires wave-function renormalization and gives a nonzero field anomalous dimension.