Iodine-131 (I-131) is a radioisotope of iodine, which is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. I-131 has a half-life of about 8 days, which means that it takes approximately 8 days for half of a given quantity of the isotope to decay. This decay produces beta and gamma radiation.

The Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD) is the ocean depth at which the rate of carbonate accumulation equals the rate of carbonate dissolution. Below this depth, the conditions in the ocean become more acidic due to an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), which leads to the dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) materials such as shells and sediments.

Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms that inhabit the ocean and other saltwater environments. It encompasses a wide range of topics, including the behavior, physiology, ecology, and evolution of marine life. Marine biologists investigate various aspects of ocean ecosystems, including coral reefs, estuaries, deep-sea environments, and polar regions, among others.

Oceanographers are scientists who study the ocean and its various components, including the physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects of ocean systems. Their research encompasses a wide range of topics, such as ocean currents, marine ecosystems, oceanic climate patterns, and the interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere.

Oceanographic time-series refer to long-term datasets that monitor and record various oceanographic parameters over time. These datasets typically include measurements of physical, chemical, biological, and geological properties of the ocean. The aim is to understand changes, trends, and dynamics within marine and coastal environments. Key aspects of oceanographic time-series include: 1. **Parameters Measured**: Commonly measured variables include temperature, salinity, ocean currents, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll levels, and microbial abundance.

Tidal bores are natural phenomena that occur in certain rivers and estuaries where a strong incoming tide creates a single wave or a series of waves that travel upstream against the river's current. This event happens when the tidal range is significant, and the shape of the river channel allows for the rapid accumulation of water.

The Central Basin Spreading Center (CBSC) is a geologically significant feature located in the Pacific Ocean, specifically in the central part of the basin of the East Pacific Rise. It is a segment of the mid-ocean ridge system where tectonic plates are diverging, allowing magma to rise from the mantle and create new oceanic crust as it cools.

Climate inertia refers to the delayed response of the climate system to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations and other influencing factors. This concept highlights that even after mitigating emissions or making changes to reduce anthropogenic impacts, the climate may continue to exhibit significant effects due to pre-existing conditions and processes. There are a few key aspects to understand about climate inertia: 1. **Thermal Inertia**: The oceans, which absorb a significant amount of heat, have a high thermal inertia.

Oceanographic organizations are institutions and agencies dedicated to the study and research of oceans, seas, and marine ecosystems. These organizations may focus on various aspects of oceanography, which is the science that covers the physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects of the oceans. Their research often encompasses ocean health, climate change impacts on marine environments, marine biodiversity, ocean currents, and underwater geology, among other topics. Oceanographic organizations can vary widely in their scope, funding, and scientific focus.

Oceanography journals are academic publications that focus on the study of oceanography, which encompasses various aspects of the oceans, including their physical, chemical, biological, and geological properties. These journals typically publish original research articles, review papers, and sometimes technical notes related to ocean processes, marine ecosystems, ocean circulation, climate change, and other topics relevant to the science of the oceans.

Oceanography of Canada refers to the study and exploration of the country's oceanic and coastal systems, which are profoundly influenced by its geography and climate. Canada has the longest coastline of any country in the world, bordered by three major oceans: the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Arctic Ocean to the north. This vast and diverse marine environment plays a critical role in the country’s ecology, economy, and climate.

A **nozzle** and a **flapper** are both components commonly found in various mechanical systems, but they serve different functions: ### Nozzle 1. **Definition**: A nozzle is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of fluid flow as it exits an enclosed chamber or pipe. 2. **Function**: It adjusts the velocity and pressure of the fluid, compressing or expanding the flow as needed.

In the context of Wikipedia, "Oceanography stubs" refer to short or incomplete articles related to oceanography that need expansion. These stubs provide some basic information about a topic but do not provide comprehensive coverage. The purpose of labeling something as a stub is to encourage contributors to add more content and improve the quality of the article. Oceanography, as a scientific discipline, encompasses various aspects of the ocean, including its physical, chemical, geological, and biological properties.

Paleoceanography is the study of the ocean's history and its interactions with the Earth's climate and ecosystems over geological timescales. This field of research focuses on understanding the changes in oceanic conditions, such as temperature, salinity, circulation patterns, and biological productivity, through the analysis of sediment cores, fossils, chemical signatures, and isotopic data.

Underwater diving companies are businesses that offer various services and products related to scuba diving and other forms of underwater exploration. These companies can vary widely in their focus and offerings, including: 1. **Dive Shops**: Retail outlets that sell diving gear, equipment, and accessories, such as masks, fins, wetsuits, tanks, and regulators. They may also provide gear rental services.

"Underwater explorers" typically refers to individuals or groups who explore underwater environments, often for purposes such as research, archaeological investigation, environmental monitoring, or recreation. This exploration can involve activities like scuba diving, snorkeling, underwater photography, and the use of submarines or remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) to access deeper or more challenging underwater areas.

Acoustic release refers to a method used to remotely release underwater equipment, such as scientific instruments, traps, or moorings, using sound waves. This technique relies on acoustic signals to trigger a release mechanism without the need for physical retrieval or manual intervention. ### How It Works: 1. **Deployment**: The equipment is deployed underwater and typically anchored to the seabed.

The term "Aethiopian Sea" refers to what is now known as the "Red Sea." This name was used in ancient times, particularly in Greek literature. The Aethiopian Sea was adjacent to the region of Aethiopia, which in ancient texts often referred to parts of Africa south of Egypt, predominantly the areas around modern-day Sudan and Ethiopia.

The Ekman spiral is a phenomenon in oceanography and meteorology that describes the layered pattern of water movement in the ocean that results from wind stress and the Coriolis effect. When the wind blows across the surface of the ocean, it exerts a force on the water, causing it to move. However, because of the Earth's rotation, this movement is not straightforward. ### Key Features of the Ekman Spiral: 1. **Wind Stress**: The wind pushes the surface layer of water.