The polar seas refer to the regions of the ocean that are located around the North and South Poles. These areas are characterized by extreme cold, ice cover, and unique ecosystems. The polar seas can be divided into two main regions: 1. **Arctic Sea (North Polar Region)**: The Arctic Ocean, which includes the sea surrounding the North Pole, is partially covered by sea ice, especially during the winter months.
An adversary model is a conceptual framework used in fields such as cryptography, cybersecurity, and game theory to describe the capabilities, strategies, and objectives of an adversary or attacker. In essence, it outlines the assumptions made about what an adversary can do in order to better design systems that can withstand attacks or malicious behavior. Key components of an adversary model include: 1. **Capabilities**: This defines what the adversary can do.
Thomas G. Dietterich is a prominent figure in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. He is known for his contributions to various areas within these fields, including supervised learning, reinforcement learning, and the development of algorithms and models that enhance machine learning systems. Dietterich is a professor at Oregon State University and has published numerous research papers, contributed to advancements in AI, and participated in numerous conferences and workshops.
As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, there isn't a widely recognized figure or concept named Peter Waweru. It's possible that he could be a private individual or a localized figure who has gained some prominence after that date, or he may be a common name without specific notable associations.
The Flux method, also known as the Flux Variational Data Assimilation (FVDA), is a computational technique often used in fields such as meteorology, oceanography, and environmental science. It is primarily employed for data assimilation, which is a way of integrating real-world observational data into numerical models to produce more accurate forecasts or simulations of complex systems.
Phage-ligand technology is a biotechnological method that utilizes bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) as tools for various applications, particularly for targeting and isolating specific ligands or molecules. This technology harnesses the ability of phages to display peptides or proteins on their surface, allowing for the selection and identification of specific binding interactions.
Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) is a rapid bedside ultrasound examination used primarily in emergency and trauma settings to assess patients for internal injuries, particularly in the case of blunt or penetrating trauma. The main goal of the FAST exam is to quickly identify the presence of free fluid (often blood) in the abdominal cavity or pericardial space, which can indicate significant internal bleeding.
The term "fold number" can refer to different concepts depending on the context, but it is most commonly associated with two specific areas: mathematics (especially in relation to data analysis and machine learning) and biological structures (particularly in protein folding). 1. **In Data Analysis and Machine Learning**: - The term "fold number" often arises in the context of "cross-validation," a technique used to assess how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent dataset.
An airlift pump is a type of pump that uses compressed air to lift fluids, typically water and sediment, from a lower elevation to a higher elevation. This type of pump is commonly used in applications such as mining, aquaculture, and wastewater treatment, but it can also be utilized in various industrial and agricultural settings. ### How It Works: 1. **Air Injection**: Compressed air is injected into a vertical pipe submerged in the fluid to be pumped.
AGX Multiphysics is a simulation software platform designed for the modeling and analysis of complex physical phenomena across various domains, including mechanical, electrical, fluid, and thermal systems. It is particularly geared toward applications in engineering and research that require the interaction of multiple physics—hence the term "multiphysics.
"A History of Pi" generally refers to the exploration of the mathematical constant π (pi) throughout history, detailing its discovery, applications, and significance in mathematics, science, and culture. The history of pi spans thousands of years and involves contributions from various civilizations. ### Key Points in the History of Pi: 1. **Ancient Civilizations**: - The concept of pi can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians and Babylonians, who had approximations of pi.
AI winter refers to periods of reduced funding, interest, and progress in artificial intelligence research and development. These phases are characterized by a lack of technological breakthroughs and a public perception that AI is not delivering on its promises, leading to skepticism among researchers, investors, and policymakers.
Polymerization-induced phase separation (PIPS) is a process that occurs during the polymerization of certain materials, leading to the formation of distinct phases within a polymeric system. This phenomenon is commonly observed in blends of monomers or in systems where a polymer is formed from a mixture of different reactive species.
Alberto Calderón (1920-1998) was a prominent Argentine mathematician renowned for his significant contributions to various fields, particularly in harmonic analysis, partial differential equations, and the theory of linear operators. His work in mathematics has had a lasting impact, particularly in the context of the Calderón-Zygmund theory, which concerns singular integral operators and their applications in analysis.
Polynomial regression is a type of regression analysis that models the relationship between a dependent variable \( Y \) and one or more independent variables \( X \) using a polynomial equation.
The number 6 is a natural number that follows 5 and precedes 7. It is an even integer and is often associated with various mathematical properties, such as being a composite number (having divisors other than 1 and itself) and the smallest perfect number (as its divisors 1, 2, and 3 sum to 6).
The term "Chaos machine" can refer to different concepts depending on the context, but it is commonly associated with areas like mathematics, computer science, and art. 1. **Mathematical Chaos**: In mathematics, chaos refers to complex systems that exhibit highly sensitive dependence on initial conditions, a property often described as the "butterfly effect.
Aleksandr Grammatin does not appear to be a widely recognized public figure, historical event, or significant concept based on available information up to October 2023. It's possible that this name could refer to a private individual or a lesser-known personal name in a specific context.
Aleksey Letnikov does not appear to be a widely known figure, and there is insufficient general information available about him as of my last knowledge update in October 2023. It is possible that he is a private individual, a minor public figure, or a fictional character, but without more context, it's difficult to provide accurate information.
Opera Magistris by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Very unfortunate license "public domain license" with a "non religious" clause, whatever the fuck that is, which completely defeats the point of a public domain declaration:
The source code and text is under Public License and therefore can be used, translated and distributed at free will.
It is only banned to use the text and content for religious propaganda.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 2.
    You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either https://OurBigBook.com or as a static website
    .
    Figure 3.
    Visual Studio Code extension installation
    .
    Figure 4.
    Visual Studio Code extension tree navigation
    .
    Figure 5.
    Web editor
    . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
    Video 4.
    OurBigBook Visual Studio Code extension editing and navigation demo
    . Source.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact