Vanadium, which has the atomic number 23, has several isotopes, with the most stable and well-known ones being: 1. **Vanadium-50 (⁵⁰V)**: This is the most abundant stable isotope, making up about 0.25% of natural vanadium. It has a mass number of 50 and is not radioactive.
Bromine has several isotopes, but the two most notable ones are: 1. **Bromine-79 (Br-79)**: This is the most stable and abundant isotope of bromine, making up about 50.5% of naturally occurring bromine. It has a half-life that is stable (not radioactive), and it consists of 35 protons and 44 neutrons.
Caesium (Cs) has several isotopes, with the most stable and commonly known ones being: 1. **Cs-133**: This is the most stable isotope of caesium and is used as the standard for the definition of the second in the International System of Units (SI). Cs-133 has a half-life of stable, meaning it does not undergo radioactive decay.
Calcium has several isotopes, which are variants of the element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. The isotopes of calcium are: 1. **Calcium-40 (⁴⁰Ca)** - The most abundant and stable isotope, making up about 97% of naturally occurring calcium. It has 20 protons and 20 neutrons.
Cobalt has several isotopes, but the most notable ones are: 1. **Cobalt-59 (^59Co)** - This is the only stable isotope of cobalt, making up nearly 100% of naturally occurring cobalt. It has 27 protons and 32 neutrons. 2. **Cobalt-60 (^60Co)** - This is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of about 5.27 years.
The Journal of Electronic Materials is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes research articles, reviews, and technical notes covering all aspects of electronic materials. This includes the development, processing, and characterization of materials used in electronic devices such as semiconductors, insulators, conductors, and photonic materials. The journal aims to provide a platform for disseminating advancements in the field, including topics like materials synthesis, material properties, device applications, and emerging technologies in electronics.
Copernicium (Cn) is a synthetic element with the atomic number 112. It is a member of the group 10 elements in the periodic table. As of now, there are currently a few known isotopes of copernicium, but all are highly unstable and radioactive. The most notable isotopes of copernicium include: 1. **Copernicium-277 (\(^{277}\)Cn)**: This isotope has a half-life of about 0.
Europium (Eu) has a number of isotopes, but the most significant ones are Europium-151 and Europium-153, which are the only naturally occurring isotopes. 1. **Europium-151 (Eu-151)**: This isotope has an atomic mass of approximately 150.9198 u and has a natural abundance of about 47.8%. It is stable and does not undergo radioactive decay.
Gallium has two stable isotopes, which are: 1. **Gallium-69 (¹⁶⁹Ga)**: This isotope has 39 neutrons and is the more abundant of the two stable isotopes, comprising about 60.11% of natural gallium. 2. **Gallium-71 (¹⁷¹Ga)**: This isotope has 41 neutrons and makes up about 39.89% of naturally occurring gallium.
Dysprosium has several isotopes, but the most notable ones are: 1. **Dysprosium-156 (Dy-156)**: This is the most abundant stable isotope of dysprosium, making up about 5.3% of natural dysprosium. 2. **Dysprosium-158 (Dy-158)**: Another stable isotope, it accounts for approximately 0.1% of natural dysprosium.
Hydrogen has three main isotopes, which vary based on the number of neutrons present in the nucleus: 1. **Protium (^1H)**: This is the most abundant isotope of hydrogen, consisting of one proton and no neutrons. It is represented as \(^1H\) or simply H. 2. **Deuterium (^2H or D)**: This isotope contains one proton and one neutron, giving it a mass number of two.
Indium has two stable isotopes: \(^{113}\text{In}\) and \(^{115}\text{In}\). 1. **\(^{113}\text{In}\)** - This isotope has a natural abundance of about 4.3%. It is a stable isotope, meaning it does not undergo radioactive decay. 2. **\(^{115}\text{In}\)** - This isotope is the most abundant, accounting for about 95.
Gold (Au) has a few naturally occurring isotopes, the most common of which is gold-197 (^197Au). This isotope is stable and makes up nearly all naturally occurring gold. Gold-197 has an atomic mass of approximately 196.96657 u. In addition to ^197Au, there are several radioactive isotopes of gold, though they are not found in nature and are typically produced in laboratories or through nuclear reactions.
Lutetium (Lu) is a chemical element with the atomic number 71 and is part of the lanthanide series. It has several isotopes, but the most notable ones are as follows: 1. **Lutetium-175 (Lu-175)**: This is the most stable and abundant isotope of lutetium, making up about 97.4% of natural lutetium.
Magnesium has several isotopes, with the most notable being: 1. **Magnesium-24 (²⁴Mg)**: This is the most abundant isotope, making up about 79% of natural magnesium. It has 12 neutrons and is stable. 2. **Magnesium-25 (²⁵Mg)**: This isotope constitutes about 10% of natural magnesium. It has 13 neutrons and is also stable.
Manganese has several isotopes, with the most common being ^55Mn, which is stable. In total, there are 26 known isotopes of manganese, ranging from ^46Mn to ^75Mn. Here are some key points regarding manganese isotopes: 1. **Stable Isotope**: - **^55Mn**: The only stable isotope of manganese, making up nearly all natural manganese found in the environment.
Iodine has several isotopes, the most notable of which are iodine-127, iodine-129, and iodine-131. 1. **Iodine-127 (¹²⁷I)**: This is the most stable and abundant isotope of iodine, making up about 100% of naturally occurring iodine. It has a half-life that is effectively infinite for practical purposes and is non-radioactive.
Lawrencium (Lr) is a synthetic element with the atomic number 103, and it is part of the actinide series. Due to its instability and short half-life, isotopes of lawrencium are not found naturally and have been produced in laboratories.
Pinned article: ourbigbook/introduction-to-the-ourbigbook-project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.
Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.
Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. 
- Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact