Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 40

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Erik Finman Updated 2025-07-16

www.unilad.com/technology/erik-finman-bitcoin-12-year-old-millionaire-invest-798094-20231207

In 2011, Finman made a deal with his parents that he would not pursue a college degree as he wanted to make his fortune outside of traditional education.
After receiving $1,245 from his grandmother that year, Finman invested into Bitcoin (BTC) - which was then trading at around $12 - and this gave him about 103 BTC.

Shame that he seems to be a American exceptionalism idiot. Perhaps it was inevitable given his circonstances. After a small market crash: x.com/erikfinman/status/1820457023013626322.

Opportunities like this come across only once every few years.
This ain’t financial advice…
But if you got the cash.
Never bet against America

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Ernest Hemingway Updated 2025-07-16

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Ernest Lawrence Updated 2025-07-16

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1932 Nobel Prize in Physics for cyclotron.

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Erotica Updated 2025-07-16

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Escherichia coli Updated 2025-07-16

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www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(15)00568-1 2015. Using Genome-scale Models to Predict Biological Capabilities. Edward J. O'Brien, Jonathan M. Monk, Bernhard O. Palsson.
www.quora.com/What-are-some-good-books-on-Escherichia-Coli-E-Coli

Size: 1-2 micrometers long and about 0.25 micrometer in diameter, so: 2 * 0.5 * 0.5 * 10e-18 and thus 0.5 micrometer square.

Reference strain: E. Coli K-12 MG1655.

Genome:

4k genes
5 Mbps
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/167
wget ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/000/005/845/GCF_000005845.2_ASM584v2/GCF_000005845.2_ASM584v2_genomic.fna.gz
wget -O NC_000913.3.fasta 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/search/api/sequence/NC_000913.3/?report=fasta'

Synthesis project: www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/08/biologists-are-close-reinventing-genetic-code-life

Omics modeling: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5611438/ Tools for Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Microbes at Single-Cell Level Zixi Chen, Lei Chen, Weiwen Zhang.

Bibliography:

ecoliwiki.org/colipedia/index.php/Welcome_to_EcoliWiki

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Escola da Ponte Updated 2026-01-30

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www.escoladaponte.pt/

Video 1.

Aprender em Comunidade by Prof. José Pacheco

. Source. In Portuguese. Title translation: "Learn in community".

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Essential metabolism for a minimal cell (2019) Updated 2025-07-16

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elifesciences.org/articles/36842

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Ethernet Updated 2025-07-16

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Ethnic minorities in China Updated 2025-07-16

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As of 2020 (TODO starting when) the Chinese government officially recognizes 55 minorities.

These minorities actually had different legal statuses, e.g. they were exempt from the One Child Policy.

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Euclidean metric signature matrix Updated 2025-07-16

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The identity matrix.

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Euclid's formula Updated 2025-07-16

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Euclid's postulates Updated 2025-07-16

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Postulates are what we now call axioms.

There are 5: en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euclidean_geometry&oldid=1036511366#Axioms, the parallel postulate being the most controversial/interesting.

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Eugenics Updated 2025-07-16

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Euler-Lagrange equation Updated 2025-07-16

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Let's start with the one dimensional case. Let the

q : R \to R

and a Functional

I

defined by a function of three variables

F : R^{3} \to R

I (q) = \int_{t_{0}}^{t} F (t, q (t), \overset{q}{˙} (t)) d t

(1)

Then, the Euler-Lagrange equation gives the maxima and minima of the that type of functional. Note that this type of functional is just one very specific type of functional amongst all possible functionals that one might come up with. However, it turns out to be enough to do most of physics, so we are happy with with it.

Given

F

, the Euler-Lagrange equations are a system of ordinary differential equations constructed from that

F

such that the solutions to that system are the maxima/minima.

In the one dimensional case, the system has a single ordinary differential equation:

\frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q} - \frac{d}{d t} \frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q ˙} = 0

(2)

\frac{\partial F}{\partial q}

and

\frac{\partial F}{\partial q ˙}

we simply mean "the partial derivative of

F

with respect to its second and third arguments". The notation is a bit confusing at first, but that's all it means.

Therefore, that expression ends up being at most a second order ordinary differential equation where

q

is the unknown, since:

the term $\frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q}$ is a function of $t, q (t), \overset{q}{˙} (t)$
the term $\frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q ˙}$ is a function of $t, q (t), \overset{q}{˙} (t)$ . And so it's derivative with respect to time will contain only up to $\overset{q}{¨}$

Now let's think about the multi-dimensional case. Instead of having

q : R \to R

, we now have

q : R \to R^{n}

. Think about the Lagrangian mechanics motivation of a double pendulum where for a given time we have two angles.

Let's do the 2-dimensional case then. In that case,

F

is going to be a function of 5 variables

F : R^{5} \to R

rather than 3 as in the one dimensional case, and the functional looks like:

I (q) = \int_{t_{0}}^{t} F (t, q_{1} (t), q_{2} (t), \overset{q_{1}}{˙} (t), \overset{q_{2}}{˙}) (t) d t

(3)

This time, the Euler-Lagrange equations are going to be a system of two ordinary differential equations on two unknown functions

q_{1}

and

q_{2}

of order up to 2 in both variables:

\frac{\partial F ( t , q _{1} ( t ) , q _{2} ( t ) , q _{1} ˙ ( t ) , q _{2} ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q _{1}} - \frac{d}{d t} \frac{\partial F ( t , q _{1} ( t ) , q _{2} ( t ) , q _{1} ˙ ( t ) , q _{2} ˙ ( t )}{\partial q _{1} ˙} = 0 \frac{\partial F ( t , q _{1} ( t ) , q _{2} ( t ) , q _{1} ˙ ( t ) , q _{2} ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q _{2}} - \frac{d}{d t} \frac{\partial F ( t , q _{1} ( t ) , q _{2} ( t ) , q _{1} ˙ ( t ) , q _{2} ˙ ( t )}{\partial q _{2} ˙} = 0

(4)

At this point, notation is getting a bit clunky, so people will often condense the

q_{i}

vector

\frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q _{1}} - \frac{d}{d t} \frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q _{1} ˙} = 0 \frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q _{2}} - \frac{d}{d t} \frac{\partial F ( t , q ( t ) , q ˙ ( t ))}{\partial q _{2} ˙} = 0

(5)

or just omit the arguments of

F

entirely:

\frac{\partial F}{\partial q _{i}} - \frac{d}{d t} \frac{\partial F}{\partial q _{i} ˙} = 0

(6)

Video 1.

Calculus of Variations ft. Flammable Maths by vcubingx (2020)

Source.

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Europe Updated 2025-07-16

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For the most part, a great pseudo-country to live in with lots of cultural diversity, art and safety.

However, Europe is in economic decline after all its Jewish and German geniuses fled in/after World War II and due to having more than one natural language is bad for the world.

Ciro Santilli moved to Europe in 2010.

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European balance of power Updated 2025-07-16

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Europe cookie law Updated 2025-07-16

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Evergreen notes Updated 2025-07-16

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Sample usage by Andy Matuschak (possible coiner): notes.andymatuschak.org/About_these_notes

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EverybodyWiki Updated 2025-07-16

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Appears to be a Wikipedia clone but with much lower/no notability requirements guidelines, which overcomes one of Wikipedia's main issues: deletionism.

They do have the interesting idea of importing deleted Wikipedia pages as a source of content, which leads to some epic "most viewed pages" such as en.everybodywiki.com/List_of_erotic_and_sex_workers_with_unnatural_death which currently reads:

Stop Being Pervs, Go Watch Lichfaop/Faoplich Instead and you can also visit MR Info 24 for more details.

We can for example see Ciro Santilli's deleted entry PsiQuantum at: en.everybodywiki.com/PsiQuantum, Wikipedia deletion page: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/PsiQuantum. Their attribution is atrocious however, e.g. it does not seem possible to find any mention of "Ciro Santilli" on the edit history, which just points to the delete article which is not visible anymore. They could really get into trouble for this one day.

Their main use case, as suggested by the website itself, if for people/brands to create pages about themselves.

This combined with the lack of "one version of each page per person" seems like an explosive invitation for unsolvable edit wars.

The website is backed by a French startup: jobs.stationf.co/companies/wiki-valley.

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Everyday Robots Updated 2025-07-16

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