Garigliano Nuclear Power Plant
The Garigliano Nuclear Power Plant is a decommissioned nuclear power facility located in Campania, Italy, near the Garigliano River, approximately halfway between the cities of Rome and Naples. The plant was originally commissioned in the 1960s and featured two pressurized water reactors (PWRs). The Garigliano plant began operations in 1964 and was the first nuclear power plant in Italy. However, due to safety concerns, the plant was shut down in 1982.
Globe valve
A globe valve is a type of valve used to regulate the flow of fluids in a pipeline. It has a spherical body with an internal baffle that divides the flow. The design allows for precise flow control, making it suitable for applications that require throttling and careful adjustments to fluid flow rates. ### Key Features of Globe Valves: 1. **Shape**: The name "globe" comes from the valve's spherical shape.
F-1 (nuclear reactor)
The F-1 nuclear reactor refers to the first nuclear reactor built in France, known as the "Calder Hall" reactor, which became operational in 1956. This reactor was part of France's early efforts to develop nuclear energy for both civilian and military purposes. It's notable that the F-1 designation can sometimes also refer to specific experimental reactors or facilities used in various nuclear research and development efforts.
Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant
The Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) is a decommissioned nuclear power facility located in Ignalina, Lithuania. It was operational from the late 1980s until its closure in 2009. The plant had two RBMK (Reactor Bolshoy Moshchnosti Kanalny, or High Power Channel-type Reactor) reactors, similar in design to those used at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.
The Khmelnytskyi Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power facility located in Ukraine, specifically in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast. Construction of the plant began in the late 1970s, and it consists of two operational reactors, both of which are VVER-type (a Soviet-designed pressurized water reactor). The first reactor began operation in 1987, while the second was completed and began commercial operation in 2010.
Odesa Nuclear Power Plant
The Odesa Nuclear Power Plant, sometimes referred to with its designation as the "Odesa NPP," is a proposed nuclear power plant that is aimed at being constructed near the city of Odesa, Ukraine. However, as of my last knowledge update in October 2023, the plant had not been completed or brought into operation.
Our Friend the Atom
"Our Friend the Atom" is a 1956 educational film produced by Disney, which aims to explain the concept of atomic energy and its potential benefits to society. The film is part of Disney's broader efforts during the mid-20th century to inform the public about science and technology, particularly in light of the developments surrounding nuclear energy following World War II. Narrated by actor and comedian Donald Duck, the film introduces viewers to basic concepts of atomic structure and the principles of nuclear fission.
PROTO (fusion reactor)
PROTO is a conceptual design for a fusion reactor that aims to be a compact and efficient solution for generating nuclear fusion energy. The goal of the PROTO project is to demonstrate the viability of fusion as a practical energy source by addressing key challenges related to containment, stability, and energy output.
PreussenElektra is a German company that is primarily involved in the generation of electricity through nuclear power. It is a subsidiary of the larger energy company, E.ON SE, which is one of the major energy providers in Europe. PreussenElektra operates several nuclear power plants in Germany and plays a significant role in the country's energy landscape, especially as the country maneuvers through its energy transition, known as the "Energiewende.
Reactimeter
As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, there is no widely recognized tool or framework specifically named "Reactimeter" in the context of web development or programming. It's possible that it could be a new tool, a niche library, a project, or something related to React (a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces).
The Special Power Excursion Reactor Test Program (SPERT) was a series of experimental tests conducted in the 1960s at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in the United States. The primary goal of the SPERT program was to investigate the behavior of nuclear reactors under various operational conditions, particularly focusing on what happens during power excursions, which are rapid increases in reactor power output.
The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal, was reached in July 2015 between Iran and six world powers (the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, and China). The agreement aimed to limit Iran's nuclear program in exchange for relief from economic sanctions. However, the aftermath of the JCPOA has been complicated and marked by several significant events: 1. **U.S.
Isolation valve
An isolation valve is a type of valve used in piping systems to isolate a section of the system from the rest. This allows maintenance, repairs, or modifications to be performed without disrupting the entire system. Isolation valves can be found in various applications, including water supply systems, oil and gas pipelines, HVAC systems, and more.
Leaf valve
A leaf valve is a type of one-way valve often used in various mechanical and engineering applications, such as in automotive or aeronautical systems. It is designed to allow fluid (liquid or gas) to flow in one direction while preventing backflow. The leaf valve typically consists of a flexible flap or "leaf" that is hinged along one edge. When fluid flows in the intended direction, it pushes the leaf open, allowing the fluid to pass through.
Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant
The Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant, known as the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid, is located in Obninsk, Russia. Commissioned in 1954, it was a significant milestone in the development of nuclear energy, demonstrating the potential of nuclear fission for power generation. The plant had a thermal capacity of 50 MW and an electrical output of 5 MW.
Smolensk Nuclear Power Plant
The Smolensk Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power facility located near the city of Desnogorsk in the Smolensk Oblast of Russia. It is situated approximately 5 kilometers from the Smolensk reservoir and about 70 kilometers from the city of Smolensk. The plant primarily consists of two operating reactors, which are of the RBMK (Reaktor Bolshoy Moshchnosti Kanalny) type, the same reactor design used at the Chernobyl plant.
Nuclear power stations in China
As of my last update in October 2023, China has made significant advancements in nuclear power generation and has one of the largest and fastest-growing nuclear power programs in the world. Here are some key points regarding nuclear power stations in China: 1. **Capacity and Number of Reactors**: China has numerous nuclear power reactors in operation, under construction, and planned. By 2023, China operated over 50 nuclear reactors, contributing a substantial amount of electricity to the national grid.
Nuclear power stations in France play a crucial role in the country's energy landscape. France is one of the world's largest producers of nuclear energy, with approximately 70% of its electricity generated from nuclear power as of 2021. This reliance on nuclear energy stems from a policy initiated in the 1970s aimed at reducing dependence on fossil fuels and achieving energy security.
Brunsbüttel Nuclear Power Plant is a decommissioned nuclear power facility located in Brunsbüttel, Germany, on the Elbe River. The plant was commissioned in 1976 and operated until it was taken offline in 2001. It was a pressurized water reactor (PWR) with a net electrical output of about 800 megawatts (MW). The facility was designed to provide a significant amount of electricity to the grid during its operational years.
COVRA
COVRA (Central Organisation for Radioactive Waste) is the Dutch facility responsible for the management and disposal of high-level radioactive waste generated in the Netherlands. Located in the municipality of Borsele, COVRA was established to provide a centralized solution for handling various types of radioactive waste, including spent nuclear fuel and other materials from nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and research institutions. COVRA's primary functions include the safe storage, treatment, and eventual disposal of radioactive waste.