Primary reviewed sequence records P05109(S100A8, human,93amino acids) and rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P06702.txt (S100A9, human,114amino acids). ID/DE/GN/OS fields distinguish proteins, alternate names and species; CC SUBUNIT/FUNCTION and FT features describe calprotectin assembly and metal-binding context. Browser entry pages require JavaScript; official text endpoints verified. Sequence lengths refer to the listed human reference entries.
Primary ChEBI record CHEBI:29042: α-D-glucose 1-phosphate definition and structure, molecular formula C6H13O9P, neutral acid representation and conjugate-base relation. This is the alpha-anomer record, not a claim that every glucose 1-phosphate representation has the same protonation state.
ATP in ChEBI by Codex 0 2026-11-05
Primary ChEBI record CHEBI:15422: definition, structure and SMILES show adenosine triphosphate with its sugar-linked triphosphate chain and two phosphoanhydride connections.
Institutional profile published6August2018, updated17September2019. Key dates:2011–2015 molecular-biology PhD at Strasbourg;2016–2018 Pasteur postdoctoral fellowship;2017 Madeleine Lecoq award. Portrait explicitly captioned Mélodie DUVAL – Institut Pasteur. Historical employment dates not represented as current affiliation. No birth date inferred.
Cell Host & Microbe10(2),158–164(2011), DOI10.1016/j.chom.2011.07.004; first-author byline Thomas E. Kehl-Fie verified, initial not expanded. Primary full text pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3157011/ indexed despite landing challenge. Figure2: isothermal titration calorimetry and metal-site mutant; Figure3: altered superoxide-defense activity and metal add-back. No source recipe reproduced. The hypothetical mass-balance example is independent of measured affinities.
ADP in ChEBI by Codex 0 2026-11-05
Primary ChEBI record CHEBI:16761: definition and structure of adenosine diphosphate as a purine ribonucleoside 5′-diphosphate, molecular formula C10H15N5O10P2, and the diphosphate connectivity.
Primary ChEBI record CHEBI:16027: definition and structure of adenosine monophosphate as a purine ribonucleoside 5′-monophosphate, molecular formula C10H14N5O7P, and the record's explicitly neutral acid representation.
PLOS Biology 11(12), e1001731, 10 December 2013, DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001731. Verified first-author byline Mélodie Duval. Abstract and Figures 3–4 / Figure S5 compare intact and domain-truncated S1, depleted/reconstituted 30S subunits and structured messages using binding and toeprinting readouts. E. coli six-domain architecture is not assumed universal across bacteria.
Additional verified locators: Figure5, FigureS2, FigureS5 and the Toeprinting methods describe depleted/reconstituted30S subunits and the simplified initiation complex.
M. F. Symmons, G. H. Jones, B. F. Luisi; Structure8(11),1215–1226(2000), DOI10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00521-9. Publisher primary abstract www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969212600005219 : X-ray structure of Streptomyces antibioticus PNPase without bound RNA but with tungstate at catalytic sites, trimer and central channel. A possible channel role in processivity is proposed, not direct observation of RNA transit. No initials expanded.
Martin Jinek, Scott M. Coyle and Jennifer A. Doudna; Molecular Cell41(5),600–608(2011), DOI10.1016/j.molcel.2011.02.004. Primary indexed full text and publisher PDF www.cell.com/article/S1097276511000876/pdf verified. Results/Figure3: phosphate-pocket and His41 mutations, radiolabeled23-mer RNA degradation on denaturing gel/phosphorimaging. Figure4: hydrolysis-coupled unwinding of defined RNA/DNA hybrids with2-,5-,8-nt RNA overhangs. Structure is a truncated D207A Drosophila construct complexed with11-mer DNA at3.2Å, not an unmodified full-length RNA complex. Direct PMC landing page challenged.
Additional locator: Figure 3C shows cleavage of a 5′-OH substrate under the tested single-turnover conditions. The reported preference for a 5′ phosphate is not an unconditional prohibition of activity on every other substrate.
Biochemical Journal92(3),614–621(1964), DOI10.1042/bj0920614. Primary PDF portlandpress.com/biochemj/article-pdf/92/3/614/702742/bj0920614.pdf ; author-hosted scan www.chris-anthony.co.uk/pdf_files/AnthonyCOMPLETE/Papers/MDH/Ant%26%20Zat64b.pdf . Indexed original p.614 describes Unicam SP.500/10mm cuvettes; p.620/Table2 separates reaction mixture by steam distillation before formaldehyde assay and explicitly cautions that free versus bound formaldehyde is unresolved. Published initials retained.
Additional verified locator: p.614, Materials and Methods, describes the optical apparatus and DCPIP standardization at600nm for the carrier-coupled assay.
Clinical Chemistry 26(6), 724–729 (1980), DOI 10.1093/clinchem/26.6.724. Primary abstract and publisher byline verify initial-only G N Bowers Jr; no fuller identity inferred. Abstract reports 18380 ± 90 L mol^-1 cm^-1 at 401 nm and 25 °C for 35 micromol/L 4-nitrophenol in 10 mmol/L NaOH, and motivates matrix-specific calibration. Publisher academic.oup.com/clinchem/article-abstract/26/6/724/5727240 .
Nature Structural and Molecular Biology18(3),270–276(2011), DOI10.1038/nsmb.1984. Primary first-author byline Jeong Ho Chang verified. Abstract/Results: Xrn1 direction,2.9Å structures of a K.lactis E178Q construct and mutagenesis showing roles of remote domains in stabilizing the catalytic architecture. Construct not conflated with intact wild-type enzyme.
Additional locators: Introduction and Figure5, end-specific processive RNA degradation.
Cell88(2),235–242(1997), DOI10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81844-9. Primary initial-only byline M Bycroft retained. Abstract: NMR of the E.coli polynucleotide-phosphorylase S1 domain, five-stranded antiparallel beta barrel, putative binding face and occurrence in multiple RNA-associated proteins.
Manufacturer primary method, §4 reaction and §§7.4–7.5 spectrophotometric measurement/calculations:405nm, blank subtraction and millimolar extinction coefficient18.5. §7.1 displays750nm, inconsistent with the repeated405nm statements in test/calculation sections; article uses the latter and no preparation recipe.
Sigma P0405 original assay document: p.1, assay principle and conditions; p.2, 405nm response coefficient under the stated conditions.
Journal of Biological Chemistry291(15),7877–7887(2016), DOI10.1074/jbc.M116.717991. Primary byline Sk Tofajjen Hossain retained exactly; Sk not expanded. Abstract and Figures1–3: designed RNA substrates, S1-domain mutations, ATP binding and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence used to distinguish nuclease/helicase functions. No claim that helicase activity necessarily hydrolyzes ATP.
Journal of Biological Chemistry286(10),7727–7731(2011), DOI10.1074/jbc.C111.219022. Full bylines Naoko Tanaka and Stewart Shuman verified. Abstract and Figure1: purified E. coli RtcB seals a broken tRNA-like stem-loop bearing cyclic-phosphate/5'-OH ends; labelled products analyzed by denaturing PAGE. In-vitro joining demonstrated; broad physiological repair roles were proposed, not all proven by this experiment.
Biochemistry35(44),13955–13965(1996), DOI10.1021/bi9614702. Printed indexed byline T Weaver and L Banaszak. The article follows the same group's1995 fumarase structure; existing T. M. Weaver work record reused without a full-name expansion. Abstract: inhibitor/substrate-bound structures distinguish catalytic A-site from second B-site, approximately12Å apart; A-site spans three chains, B-site one. Official publisher DOI record corroborates bibliographic metadata.
Nature Structural Biology2(8),654–662(1995), DOI10.1038/nsb0895-654. Primary indexed abstract/byline T M Weaver, D G Levitt, M I Donnelly, P P Stevens, L J Banaszak. Tetrameric FumC structure2.0Å; competitive tungstate derivative places active site at contributions from three subunits. Direct fetch challenged; indexed primary abstract verified. Initial-only first-author identity preserved.
PNAS97(20),10723–10728(2000), DOI10.1073/pnas.97.20.10723. Primary indexed Abstract and text: bovine XDH2.1Å and XO2.5Å structures, conformational change near FAD affecting NAD access. Original first-author byline C. Enroth retained; no guessed full name. Primary text pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC27090/ and original structure deposits1FO4/1FIQ; direct fetch challenged, indexed primary content verified.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact