By Carlos C. Carvalho, João M. B. Lopes dos Santos, Manuel B. Marques.

Publisher: arXiv (preprint host).

Online text: arxiv.org/pdf/0712.1577

Cited passages: Apparatus, PDF page 2, sample interval; Results, PDF page 3, short-delay and reflection limitations for solid samples; Principle and Apparatus, PDF pages 1–2, Figures 1–2; Results, PDF pages 2–3, Figure 3.

Publisher: Stanford University (course host; publication publisher not separately stated).

By Matthew J. Hancock.

Publisher: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, OpenCourseWare.

By Dave Doody.

Publisher: NASA / Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Publication information: science.nasa.gov/learn/basics-of-space-flight/editorial/

By James G. Williams, Slava G. Turyshev, Dale Boggs.

Publication information: arxiv.org/abs/1203.2150

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity.

Online text: arxiv.org/pdf/1203.2150

Cited passages: §§2–3, pp. 3–6: pulse timing, normal points, model and figure 1; §4, pp. 7–8: consistency checks and radiation/thermal effects.

By Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny, William Moebs.

Publisher: OpenStax, Rice University.

By MIT Department of Physics.

Publisher: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, OpenCourseWare.

By Richard Fitzpatrick.

Publisher: University of Texas at Austin (author-hosted teaching site).

By Nicholas X. Fang.

Publisher: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, OpenCourseWare.

By Rüdiger Paschotta.

Publisher: RP Photonics AG.

The entry Wavefronts, www.rp-photonics.com/wavefronts.html , describes surfaces of constant phase, planar and spherical wavefronts, and changes of wavefront shape through optical elements. It provides the geometric context for wavefront curvature.

By Richard Feynman, Robert B. Leighton, Matthew Sands.

Publisher: Caltech / The Feynman Lectures Website (online edition).

Additional cited passages: II.14–6, equations (14.37)–(14.38): volume-to-wire conversion; II.14–7, equations (14.39)–(14.43): volume law, displacement convention and cross-product order; II.14–5, equations (14.33)–(14.36): loop magnetic moment and dipole field. Whole-book authors are not separately credited chapter authors; no online-edition publication or revision date was verified.

Additional cited passages: II.13–4, equations (13.12)–(13.13) and subsequent steady-source and closed-circuit discussion; II.13–5, equations (13.17)–(13.18) and internal-current explanation of magnetic matter. Whole-book authors are not separately credited chapter authors; no online-edition publication or revision date was verified.

Additional online chapters: www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/II_02.html and www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/II_12.html

Additional cited passages: II.2–7, Second derivatives of vector fields, equations (2.52)–(2.54), the Laplacian and the rectangular-component statement after (2.54); II.2–8, Pitfalls, equation (2.60) and final coordinate-system caution. II.12–4, equations (12.19)–(12.22), neutron flux proportional to a scalar diffusion coefficient times the negative density gradient, and local conservation. Equation (12.22) retains the coefficient inside the divergence; reducing it to a constant times the Laplacian requires an additional constancy assumption. Credits remain the existing whole-book authors Richard Feynman, Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands; no separate chapter authors or online-edition date are established.

Volume II, Chapter 40, Section 40–1, Hydrostatics, derives normal pressure balance and states the constant-density gravitational relation between pressure and height. This supplies the depth-dependent pressure law used for planar hydrostatic resultant calculations. ^[ref]

Publisher: Physics Laboratory (official physics.wisc.edu teaching website).

By Eric Murray.

Publisher: Georgia Institute of Technology (official introphys.gatech.edu laboratory website).

By James Prescott Joule.

Published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 140.

Publisher: The Royal Society.

Online text: www2.lawrence.edu/fast/STONEKIM/COURSES/Joule_1850.pdf

Cited passages: pp. 64–66 and Plate VII: thermometer calibration, water apparatus and operating sequence; pp. 66, 69–70 and 82: matched controls, apparatus water-equivalent capacity, mechanical corrections and residual losses.

By Samuel J. Ling, William Moebs, Jeff Sanny.

Publisher: OpenStax.

Section15.4, equations15.12–15.13: instantaneous versus average power, relative phase and RMS current/potential-difference conventions.

By A. H. Techet.

Online text: web.mit.edu/13.012/labs_DATA/2003/lab2.pdf

Cited passages: A. H. Techet, Waves, phase speed, and group speed, Fall 2003, tasks 2–5 and write-up: depth comparison, crest disappearance and probe records.

By Richard Fitzpatrick.

Online text: farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/jk1/lectures/node76.html

Cited passages: Richard Fitzpatrick, Wave-Front Propagation, 27 June 2014, equations 871–873 and following discussion: no field before t=x/c in the causal dielectric model.

By William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny.

Digital-edition ISBN: 978-1-947172-20-3. Publisher front matter.

Additional section: 14.2 Measuring Pressure.

Cited passages: Gauge Pressure vs. Absolute Pressure, equation 14.11; Manometers, Figure 14.12 and accompanying discussion; Example 14.2, Strategy and Solution, equal pressure at the same height in the same liquid; pressure-unit definition. The citation information credits the whole-book authors and gives publication as 19 September 2016, distinct from any section revision date.

Section15.1, Characteristics of Simple Harmonic Motion, gives the spring restoring force; §5.4 distinguishes mass and gravitational force.

Additional locators: §16.3, uniform-string linear density and wave speed under tension; §16.6, fixed-end standing-wave modes.

Section 10.6, torque vector and perpendicular lever arm. Section 12.3, tensile stress, strain and Young’s modulus: the small-strain axial extension law distinguishes internal deformation from external resultant/moment equivalence.

By Richard Fitzpatrick.