It takes as input three vectors, and outputs one real number, the volume. And it is linear on each vector. This perfectly satisfied the definition of a tensor of order (3,0).
Given a basis and a function that return the volume of a parallelepiped given by three vectors , .
In "practice" it is likely "useless", because the functions that it can integrate that Riemann can't are just too funky to appear in practice :-)
Its value is much more indirect and subtle, as in "it serves as a solid basis of quantum mechanics" due to the definition of Hilbert spaces.
Riesz-Fischer theorem by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
A measurable function defined on a closed interval is square integrable (and therefore in ) if and only if Fourier series converges in norm the function:
Lp space by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
Integrable functions to the power , usually and in this text assumed under the Lebesgue integral because: Lebesgue integral of is complete but Riemann isn't
In the LC circuit:
You can kickstart motion in either of those systems in two ways:
Three-level laser by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
The type of laser described at: Video "How Lasers Work by Scientized (2017)", notably youtu.be/_JOchLyNO_w?t=581. Mentioned at: youtu.be/_JOchLyNO_w?t=759 That point also mentions that 4-level lasers also exist and are more efficient. TODO dominance? Alternatives?
Video 1.
Three-level laser system by Dr. Nissar Ahmad (2021)
Source.

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