List of Nobel Prizes in Physics

This was the most obscene Nobel Prize of all time. They were completely swept away by the AI boom, and gave this ridiculous prize completely unrelated to Physics.

Official announcement: www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2023/summary/

This one took a while! Major developments were from the 70s! Perhaps it took the Internet revolution to make its importance clear.

For Fractional quantum Hall effect for $\nu =1/m$.

This was so hot (no pun intended) and reproducible that the prize was awarded one year after discovery. Quite rare in those days already.

To Brian Josephson for the prediction of the Josephson effect.

The key initial quantum electrodynamics experiments:

Nuclear magnetic resonance work:

Early electron diffraction experiment from 1927 that drastically confirmed the matter wave hypothesis.

Discovery of:

To Ernest Lawrence for the cyclotron.

Atomic theory.

Niels Bohr for the Bohr model.

Einstein for the theoretical explanation of the photoelectric effect from 1905, notably published as on a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light by Einstein (1905).

Not only did this open the way for X-ray crystallography, it more fundamentally clarified the nature of X-rays as being electromagnetic radiation, and helped further establish the atomic theory.

Pieter Zeeman for the Zeeman effect.