A magnetohydrodynamic shock is a discontinuity satisfying conservation of mass, momentum, energy, normal magnetic field, and tangential electric field.
The de Hoffmann-Teller frame is a tangentially boosted shock frame in which the electric field vanishes. Ideal MHD then makes the fluid velocity parallel to the magnetic field on both sides.
A rotational discontinuity changes the tangential direction of the magnetic field and velocity while leaving density, pressure, and normal components continuous. The normal flow is Alfvénic.

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  1. Ideal magnetohydrodynamics
  2. Magnetohydrodynamics
  3. Astrophysical fluid dynamics
  4. Fluid mechanics
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