A nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor, or NLR, is an intracellular immune-receptor protein characterized by a nucleotide-binding region and leucine-rich repeats. In plants, NLRs can detect pathogen-associated molecules or their effects and initiate defensive signaling.
An NLR can work as a sensor, a signaling helper or part of a paired NLR system. Different individuals can carry different receptor inventories, so one reference genome does not fully describe the species-wide pan-NLRome.[ref]
The species-wide collection of NLR genes and alleles across accessions, rather than the inventory in a single reference genome.
A genomic group of related receptor genes shaped by duplication, deletion and sequence exchange; not every NLR is clustered.
A domain incorporated into an immune receptor that mimics an effector target and links its perturbation to immune recognition.
Functionally coupled receptors whose sensor and signaling activities may be partitioned between two genes. Physical linkage can help preserve their compatible inheritance.
The RRS1-RPS4 receptor pair is a coupled immune-receptor system studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. RRS1 includes a WRKY domain resembling targets of pathogen activity, providing an integrated decoy linked to recognition and signaling by the pair.
The mechanism illustrates how a plant can monitor an attack on a host-like structure rather than recognizing only one isolated foreign pattern. It also explains why transferring or losing one receptor need not preserve the behavior of the complete paired NLR system.[ref]

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  1. Plant immunity
  2. Botany
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