Transport and eruption or intrusion of molten rock and associated gases. Subduction, spreading and mantle upwellings can supply melt; volcanism does not require globally active plate tectonics. Outgassing couples interior evolution to atmospheric inventories.
A large region of unusually voluminous igneous emplacement within a comparatively limited geological interval.
A large volcanic and intrusive province associated in time with the end-Permian crisis. Gas release and interactions with surrounding sediments provide mechanisms for linked warming, ocean chemical change and physiological stress during mass extinction.
A mainly basaltic continental large igneous province in India, emplaced around the end of the Cretaceous. Its surface deposits provide a major example of volcanic loading. Deposited volume, loaded area and density must be distinguished when estimating isostatic adjustment.
An arcuate or elongated volcanic region associated with a subduction zone.
Magma generated and modified within a volcanic arc system; it may combine mantle-derived melt, slab-derived components and crustal contributions.
Articles by others on the same topic
Volcanism refers to the processes and phenomena associated with the movement of molten rock (magma) from beneath the Earth's surface to its exterior through volcanic activity. This can result in the formation of volcanoes, lava flows, volcanic gases, ash clouds, and other related geological features.