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Home by rah eastbay 0 2025-06-25
Welcome to my home page!
It is the norm induced by the complex dot product over :
CPU functional unit by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
Cavendish Professor of Physics by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
As beautifully put in The Eighth Day of Creation:
For more than a hundred years, the Cavendish Professorship has been the chair of experimental physics in the University of Cambridge. The man in that chair rules the university's research in physics. Indeed, for most of that hundred years the Cavendish Professor was preeminent in British science, with an authority that made him, as it were, the archbishop of physics
Superscalar processor by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
Intel CPU by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
C-peptide by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
B chain of insulin by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
A chain of insulin by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
Proinsulin by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
c/inc_loop_asm_n.sh by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
This is a quick Microarchitectural benchmark to try and determine how many functional units our CPU has that can do an inc instruction at the same time due to superscalar architecture.
The generated programs do loops like:
loop:
  inc %[i0];
  inc %[i1];
  inc %[i2];
  ...
  inc %[i_n];
  cmp %[max], %[i0];
  jb loop;
with different numbers of inc instructions.
Figure 1.
c/inc_loop_asm_n.sh results for a few CPUs
.
Quite clearly:
and both have low instruction count effects that destroy performance, AMD at 3 and Intel at 3 and 5. TODO it would be cool to understand those better.
Data from multiple CPUs manually collated and plotted manually with ../c/inc_loop_asm_n_manual.sh.
c/inc_loop_asm.c by Ciro Santilli 37 Created 2025-06-17 Updated 2025-07-16
This is the only way that we've managed to reliably get a single inc instruction loop, by using inline assembly, e.g. on we do x86:
loop:
  inc %[i];
  cmp %[max], %[i];
  jb loop;
For 1s on P14s Ubuntu 25.04 GCC 14.2 -O0 x86_64 we need about 5 billion:
time ./inc_loop_asm.out 5000000000

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact