The USNS Robert D. Conrad (T-AKE-9) is a Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ship of the United States Navy. Named after Captain Robert D. Conrad, a notable officer in the U.S. Navy, the ship is designed to provide logistical support to Navy ships at sea by delivering supplies such as ammunition, food, fuel, and repair parts. The Lewis and Clark-class ships are equipped with advanced cargo handling systems and have the capability to replenish multiple ships simultaneously.

SeaWiFS, or the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor, was a NASA satellite instrument designed to monitor oceanic and atmospheric properties. Launched in September 1997 aboard the OrbView-2 satellite, SeaWiFS was primarily focused on measuring ocean color, which is essential for understanding plankton distribution, chlorophyll concentration, and overall ocean health. The satellite utilized a scanning radiometer that captured data in multiple wavelengths of light.

The RRS James Cook is a British research vessel operated by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) for marine science research. Launched in 2007, the ship is named after the famous British explorer Captain James Cook. The RRS James Cook is designed for a variety of scientific missions, including oceanographic studies, biological research, and geological surveys.

RRS Discovery (2012) is a British polar research vessel commissioned by the National Environment Research Council (NERC) and operated by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS). This ship is named after the original RRS Discovery, which was launched in 1901 and was part of Robert Falcon Scott's first Antarctic expedition. The 2012 version of RRS Discovery was designed specifically for scientific research, allowing for extensive marine and environmental studies in polar regions.

The "Noosfera" is a Russian research vessel, famously classified as an icebreaker. It was launched in the 1980s and has been involved in various scientific expeditions, particularly in Arctic and Antarctic waters. The vessel is equipped to navigate through ice-covered seas, enabling it to support research initiatives in areas that are otherwise inaccessible due to ice conditions.

A Nansen bottle is a specialized device used in oceanography to collect water samples from various depths in the ocean. Named after the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen, the bottle is designed to capture water without contamination and is essential for studying the physical, chemical, and biological properties of seawater. The typical Nansen bottle consists of a cylindrical container with a mechanism that allows it to be closed at both ends. When deployed from a ship, the bottle is lowered to the desired depth.

In oceanography, a "float" refers to a type of autonomous device that is used to collect data about the ocean environment. Floats are designed to drift with ocean currents while periodically surfacing to transmit their collected data via satellite. They are essential tools in oceanographic research for monitoring various physical and chemical properties of seawater, such as temperature, salinity, and pressure at different depths.

An epibenthic sled is a type of sampling device used in marine biology and oceanography to collect benthic organisms that live on or near the ocean floor. This device is designed to capture epibenthic fauna, which are organisms that inhabit the upper layers of the seabed and include species such as crabs, fish, and various invertebrates. The sled typically consists of a flat, sled-like body with a net or mesh bag attached to its trailing edge.

The N.Z. Oceanographic Institute, officially known as the National Institute of Oceanography, is a scientific organization in New Zealand focused on oceanographic research. It conducts studies related to the physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects of oceans surrounding New Zealand and the South Pacific. The institute plays a critical role in understanding ocean dynamics, marine ecosystems, and environmental changes affecting oceanic regions.

Moss Landing Marine Laboratories (MLML) is a research and educational institution located in Moss Landing, California. It is part of the California State University (CSU) system and serves as a hub for marine science education and research. Established in 1972, MLML provides facilities and resources for graduate students, researchers, and faculty members to study a wide range of marine and coastal ecosystems.

The Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS) typically refers to a research institution dedicated to the study of marine environments, oceanography, and related fields. Such institutes often focus on various aspects of marine science, including but not limited to: 1. **Oceanography**: The study of physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects of the ocean. 2. **Marine Biology**: Research on marine organisms and ecosystems, including their interactions and the impacts of environmental changes.

CTD stands for Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth. It refers to an instrument used in oceanography and other fields of environmental science to measure these three important parameters of water. 1. **Conductivity**: This measures the ability of water to conduct electrical current, which is related to the concentration of dissolved salts and other ions in the water.

A bathythermograph is an oceanographic instrument used to measure and record the temperature of water at various depths in the ocean. It typically consists of a series of thermometers or temperature sensors that are attached to a device that can descend through the water column, often deployed from ships. As the bathythermograph moves through the water, it records the temperature at different depths, providing valuable data about the thermal structure of the ocean.

Argo is a type of remotely operated vehicle (ROV) designed for underwater exploration and research. Specifically, the term "Argo" is often associated with the Argo II and other models developed by various organizations for marine and oceanographic studies. These vehicles are typically equipped with cameras, sensors, and various scientific instruments to collect data and capture visuals of the underwater environment.

The Valdivia Expedition, conducted between 1536 and 1540, was a significant expedition led by the Spanish explorer Pedro de Valdivia. The primary aim of the expedition was to explore and conquer the territories in present-day Chile, following the earlier conquests in Peru. Valdivia, initially a soldier in the conquest of Peru under Francisco Pizarro, sought to establish Spanish control over the region south of the Inca Empire.

"The Voyage of the Odyssey" typically refers to the journey of Odysseus, the hero of Homer's ancient Greek epic poem, "The Odyssey." This poem tells the story of Odysseus's long and arduous journey home to Ithaca after the Trojan War.

The Ekman water bottle may refer to a product from a brand that focuses on design and functionality, often geared towards outdoor enthusiasts, athletes, or those looking for reusable and environmentally friendly hydration solutions. However, as of my last update in October 2023, there is no specific or widely recognized product or brand called the "Ekman water bottle.

In oceanography, a "drifter" refers to a buoyant device that is deployed in the ocean to measure and record various physical parameters of the water. These devices are often equipped with GPS and a suite of sensors that allow them to collect data on ocean currents, temperature, salinity, and sometimes other variables like pressure or chlorophyll concentration. Drifters float along with ocean currents, allowing researchers to track these currents over time and space.

The NOAAS Okeanos Explorer Gulf of Mexico 2018 Expedition was a scientific research mission conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) aboard the research vessel NOAAS Okeanos Explorer. This expedition focused on exploring and mapping the deep-sea environment of the Gulf of Mexico, particularly around the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary.

Mission 31 was an underwater research expedition led by ocean explorer Fabien Cousteau, the grandson of the legendary explorer Jacques Cousteau. The mission took place in June 2014 and involved a 31-day stay in the Aquarius Reef Base, an underwater research laboratory located off the coast of Florida. The primary goals of Mission 31 were to study marine life, conduct scientific research, and increase public awareness about ocean conservation and the importance of protecting marine ecosystems.