"Numerical Recipes" refers to a series of books that provide comprehensive guidance on numerical methods used in scientific computing. The series is authored by William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling, and Brian P. Flannery, and it covers a wide range of numerical algorithms across various fields. The first volume, **Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing**, was published in 1986, and subsequent editions have been released since then.

NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) is a hierarchical system for dividing up the economic territory of the European Union and some of its neighboring countries, including North Macedonia. The classification helps in the analysis of regional statistics and regional policies. As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, North Macedonia is classified as a single NUTS-1 region.

"Nyman Levin" does not appear to refer to a widely recognized term, person, or entity as of my last training cut-off in October 2023. It's possible that it could refer to a name, a business, an artist, or something specific that has emerged more recently or is niche in nature.

Observed information, often referred to in the context of statistical models and estimation, generally pertains to the actual data or measurements that have been collected in an experiment or observational study. In a more technical sense, particularly in the context of statistical inference, "observed information" can refer to the second derivative of the log-likelihood function with respect to the parameters of a statistical model. This quantity measures the amount of information that the data provides about the parameters.

The oceanic carbon cycle refers to the movement and transformation of carbon in and out of the ocean, playing a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and helping regulate Earth's climate. Here's an overview of its components and processes: 1. **Carbon Dioxide Absorption**: Oceans absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. This process occurs at the ocean's surface, where gas exchange takes place due to differences in concentration.

"Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review" is a scientific publication that focuses on the accumulation and synthesis of knowledge in the fields of oceanography and marine biology. Published annually, it typically features review articles that provide comprehensive overviews of specific topics, research findings, methodologies, and developments within these disciplines.

"October Sky" is a memoir written by Homer H. Hickam Jr., published in 1998. The book recounts Hickam's childhood in the coal mining town of Coalwood, West Virginia, during the 1950s. It tells the inspiring story of how he and his friends became interested in rocketry and space exploration, particularly after the launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957.

Olga Shishkina is a physicist known for her work in the field of fluid dynamics, particularly in relation to turbulent flows and thermal convection. She has contributed to understanding the fundamental physics of turbulent systems, often utilizing both theoretical and computational methods. Shishkina has also explored the dynamics of complex fluids and the behavior of fluids under various conditions. Her research can find applications in various fields, including engineering, geophysics, and materials science.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, there was no widely recognized figure or concept known as "Oliver Reynolds Wulf." It's possible that it could refer to a person or entity that gained prominence after that date or is relatively obscure.

The opposite-colored bishops endgame refers to a specific type of chess endgame where each player has a bishop, and the bishops are on opposite-colored squares. This situation often arises from various middle game positions and can lead to a unique set of dynamics in the endgame. In an opposite-colored bishops endgame, several key points arise: 1. **Drawish Nature**: Generally, opposite-colored bishops tend to lead to drawn positions.

Optical and Quantum Electronics is an interdisciplinary field that merges principles of optics and quantum mechanics to explore, develop, and manipulate technologies related to the generation, transmission, and detection of light (optical phenomena), particularly when quantum effects become significant. Here's a breakdown of the key components: ### Optical Electronics - **Definition**: This aspect focuses on the interaction between light and electronic systems. It encompasses devices and technologies that use light, such as lasers, photodetectors, and optical communication systems.

An orifice plate is a type of flow measurement device used in various engineering applications to measure the flow rate of fluids, such as liquids and gases. It consists of a thin plate with a hole (or orifice) in the center, which creates a restriction in the flow path. As fluid flows through the orifice, it experiences a change in pressure due to the constriction, and this pressure difference can be correlated to flow rate.

Otis King is a name associated with a specific type of mechanical device known as the "Otis King Postal Scale." It is primarily a spring scale that was used for weighing letters and packages in postal and other commercial contexts. The scale features a design that allows for easy reading of the weight on a dial.

"Otto Forster" could refer to a few different things depending on the context, but without additional information, it is difficult to pinpoint a specific meaning. 1. **Historical Figure or Author**: Otto Forster might refer to a person, such as a historical figure, academic, or writer. If this is the case, additional context (like their field or contributions) would be helpful. 2. **Business or Brand**: It could refer to a company or brand name.

Certainly! Here’s an outline of Apple Inc. covering its history, products, organizational structure, and more: ### Outline of Apple Inc. #### I. Introduction A. Overview of Apple Inc. B. Importance in the technology industry #### II. History A. Founding (1976) 1. Founders: Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Ronald Wayne 2.

Hematocrit is a medical term that refers to the proportion of blood volume that is made up of red blood cells. It is typically expressed as a percentage. For example, a hematocrit value of 45% means that 45% of the blood's volume consists of red blood cells. Hematocrit is an important measure in evaluating a person's overall health and can provide insight into conditions such as anemia, polycythemia, and dehydration.

biocyc.org/ECOLI/NEW-IMAGE?type=EXTRAGENIC-SITE&object=G0-10506:

Note that this is not the conventional starting point for gene numbering: Section "E. Coli genome starting point".

UniProt entry: www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P00561.

NCBI entry: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/945803.

The second gene in the E. Coli K-12 MG1655 genome. Part of the E. Coli K-12 MG1655 operon thrLABC.

Part of a reaction that produces threonine.

This protein is an enzyme. The UniProt entry clearly shows the chemical reactions that it catalyses. In this case, there are actually two! It can either transforming the metabolite:Also interestingly, we see that both of those reaction require some extra energy to catalyse, one needing adenosine triphosphate and the other nADP+.

TODO: any mention of how much faster it makes the reaction, numerically?

Since this is an enzyme, it would also be interesting to have a quick search for it in the KEGG entry starting from the organism: www.genome.jp/pathway/eco01100+M00022 We type in the search bar "thrA", it gives a long list, but the last entry is our "thrA". Selecting it highlights two pathways in the large graph, so we understand that it catalyzes two different reactions, as suggested by the protein name itself (fused blah blah). We can now hover over:Note that common cofactor are omitted, since we've learnt from the UniProt entry that this reaction uses ATP.

If we can now click on the L-Homoserine edge, it takes us to: www.genome.jp/entry/eco:b0002+eco:b3940. Under "Pathway" we see an interesting looking pathway "Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism": www.genome.jp/pathway/eco00260+b0002 which contains a small manually selected and extremely clearly named subset of the larger graph!

But looking at the bottom of this subgraph (the UI is not great, can't Ctrl+F and enzyme names not shown, but the selected enzyme is slightly highlighted in red because it is in the URL www.genome.jp/pathway/eco00260+b0002 vs www.genome.jp/pathway/eco00260) we clearly see that thrA, thrB and thrC for a sequence that directly transforms "L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde" into "Homoserine" to "O-Phospho-L-homoserine" and finally tothreonine. This makes it crystal clear that they are not just located adjacently in the genome by chance: they are actually functionally related, and likely controlled by the same transcription factor: when you want one of them, you basically always want the three, because you must be are lacking threonine. TODO find transcription factor!

The UniProt entry also shows an interactive browser of the tertiary structure of the protein. We note that there are currently two sources available: X-ray crystallography and AlphaFold. To be honest, the AlphaFold one looks quite off!!!

By inspecting the FASTA for the entire genome, or by using the NCBI open reading frame tool, we see that this gene lies entirely in its own open reading frame, so it is quite boring

From the FASTA we see that the very first three Codons at position 337 arewhere ATG is the start codon, and CGA GTG should be the first two that actually go into the protein:

ecocyc.org/gene?orgid=ECOLI&id=ASPKINIHOMOSERDEHYDROGI-MONOMER mentions that the enzime is most active as protein complex with four copies of the same protein:TODO image?