Marine biogeochemical cycles refer to the processes that involve the transformation and movement of chemical elements and compounds in marine environments, including oceans, seas, and coastal regions. These cycles are crucial for understanding how life functions in the marine ecosystem, how energy is transferred between living organisms, and how nutrients and chemicals are recycled. There are several key components to marine biogeochemical cycles: 1. **Elements and Compounds**: The primary elements involved include carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and others.
Windwatt is a term that can refer to a specific product or brand related to wind energy, typically involving technology designed for wind power generation. It may include wind turbines, energy management systems, or other renewable energy solutions focused on harnessing wind energy. However, without further context, it’s difficult to provide a precise definition, as terms like "Windwatt" can have varying meanings depending on the specific industry or application.
Eratosthenes Seamount is an underwater mountain located in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Cyprus. It is named after the ancient Greek mathematician and astronomer Eratosthenes, who is known for calculating the Earth's circumference. The seamount is part of the Eratosthenes Plateau, which is a large geological structure characterized by its complex geological history and unique bathymetry.
In psychophysics, "roughness" refers to a quality of texture perception that pertains to how coarse or fine a surface feels to the touch. This can involve both tactile sensations and auditory perceptions, particularly in music and sound quality. 1. **Tactile Roughness**: This aspect relates to how the skin perceives surface textures. It is influenced by factors like the size, spacing, and geometry of the surface features.
Ushabti (also spelled ushabtiu or shabti) refers to small figurines that were placed in ancient Egyptian tombs. These figures were intended to serve as substitutes for the deceased in the afterlife, essentially acting as servants who could perform tasks on behalf of the deceased, particularly in the afterlife's agricultural and labor contexts.
Willow Tree is a line of hand-carved figurines and sculptures created by artist Susan Lordi. Launched in 2000, these figurines are known for their simplistic, expressive designs that convey emotions and sentiments. Each piece is crafted to capture the essence of a specific theme, such as love, friendship, family, and remembrance.
"Faller" can refer to several things depending on the context: 1. **Faller (Model Railway)**: Faller is a well-known manufacturer of model railway products, particularly in Europe. The company specializes in creating buildings, figures, and scenery for model train layouts, offering a wide variety of kits and accessories that make it popular among hobbyists.
Trimaster may refer to a few different things depending on the context. Here are a couple of possibilities: 1. **Trimaster (Military)**: In a military context, "Trimaster" can refer to a type of military vehicle or equipment designed for specific operational purposes, such as transportation or logistics. However, further context would be necessary to provide precise details.
Wm. K. Walthers, commonly known as Walthers, is a well-known company in the model railroading industry. Founded in 1932, the company is based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and specializes in manufacturing and distributing a wide range of products for model trains and railroads. Their offerings include model locomotives, rolling stock, buildings, scenery materials, and various accessories used in model railroading.
The Golden State Model Railroad Museum is a prominent model railway exhibition located in Richmond, California. It is known for showcasing intricate and detailed model railroad layouts, which replicate real-life railroads and scenes from various eras. The museum features an impressive collection of model trains, landscapes, and structures, and it often includes interactive exhibits that engage visitors of all ages. The museum serves as a hub for model railroad enthusiasts, offering a space for both display and education.
Subsidence is the gradual sinking or settling of the ground's surface. This phenomenon can occur for a variety of reasons, including natural processes and human activities. Some common causes of subsidence include: 1. **Soil Settling**: Over time, the weight of buildings, water, and other materials can cause soil and sediment to compress and settle.
GNU parallel by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
The author Ole Tange answers every question about it on Stack Exchange. What a legend!
This program makes you respect GNU make a bit more. Good old make with -j can not only parallelize, but also take in account a dependency graph.
Some examples under:
man parallel_exampes
To get the input argument explicitly job number use the magic string {}, e.g.:
printf 'a\nb\nc\n' | parallel echo '{}'
sample output:
a
b
c
To get the job number use {#} as in:
printf 'a\nb\nc\n' | parallel echo '{} {#}'
sample output:
a 1
b 2
c 3
c 3
{%} contains which thread the job running in, e.g. if we limit it to 2 threads with -j2:
printf 'a\nb\nc\nd\n' | parallel -j2 echo '{} {#} {%}'
sample output:
a 1 1
b 2 1
c 3 2
d 4 1
The percent must be a reference to "split the inputs module the number of workers", and modulo uses the % symbol in many programming languages such as C.
To pass multiple CLI arguments per command you can use -X e.g.:
printf 'a\nb\nc\nd\n' | parallel -j2 -X echo '{} {#} {%}'
sample output:
a b 1 1
c d 2 2
Understand and explain amazingly every single Nobel Prize in physics, chemistry and biology. Since in particular the Nobel Foundation is unable to do that for any at all, especially of the key old ones, e.g. www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1965/summary/. Hopeless.
To be fair, those in theoretical physics at least basically come down to reading a bunch of books. But perhaps anything slightly more experimental could have
Flux qubit by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
In Ciro's ASCII art circuit diagram notation, it is a loop with three Josephson junctions:
+----X-----+
|          |
|          |
|          |
+--X----X--+
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/04/Flux_Qubit_-_Holloway.jpg
Video 1.
Superconducting Qubit by NTT SCL (2015)
Source.
Offers an interesting interpretation of superposition in that type of device (TODO precise name, seems to be a flux qubit): current going clockwise or current going counter clockwise at the same time. youtu.be/xjlGL4Mvq7A?t=1348 clarifies that this is just one of the types of qubits, and that it was developed by Hans Mooij et. al., with a proposal in 1999 and experiments in 2000. The other type is dual to this one, and the superposition of the other type is between N and N + 1 copper pairs stored in a box.
Their circuit is a loop with three Josephson junctions, in Ciro's ASCII art circuit diagram notation:
+----X-----+
|          |
|          |
|          |
+--X----X--+
They name the clockwise and counter clockwise states and (named for Left and Right).
When half the magnetic flux quantum is applied as microwaves, this produces the ground state:
where and cancel each other out. And the first excited state is:
Then he mentions that:
  • to go from 0 to 1, they apply the difference in energy
  • if the duration is reduced by half, it creates a superposition of .
QEMU by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
The leading open source cross architecture and KVM emulator of the 2010's.
Great way to understand how operating systems work, which Ciro Santilli used extensively in his Linux Kernel Module Cheat.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact