Women in computer science come from a diverse range of nationalities and cultures, contributing to the field in various ways globally. Here are some notable women computer scientists categorized by their nationality: ### United States - **Grace Hopper**: A pioneer in computer programming, she developed the first compiler for a programming language and was instrumental in the development of COBOL.

Carmen Gaina does not seem to be a widely recognized term or figure based on my training data up to October 2023. It's possible that it could refer to a less-known individual, a character, a specific cultural reference, or a new development that emerged after my last update.

Joan Gomberg is an accomplished scientist known for her work in the field of geophysics and seismology. She has made significant contributions to understanding the Earth's seismic activity, including the processes behind earthquakes and the mechanics of fault lines. Gomberg's research often involves the use of advanced computational models to simulate seismic events and their impacts. Additionally, she has been involved in outreach and education initiatives related to earthquake preparedness and safety.

Lucy Jones could refer to a few different individuals, but she is most commonly known as a seismologist and a prominent figure in earthquake research, particularly in California. She has worked extensively on understanding seismic activity and risks associated with earthquakes. Jones is also known for her efforts in science communication, advising policymakers on disaster preparedness, and her contributions to public awareness about seismic hazards.

Robin Bell is a prominent American scientist known for her work in the field of Earth science, particularly in the areas of glaciology, oceanography, and climate change. She has conducted significant research on ice sheets and their contributions to sea-level rise, focusing on polar regions, particularly Antarctica. Bell has been involved in various projects that utilize both field studies and satellite data to understand the dynamics of ice and its interactions with the oceans.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, I do not have information on an individual named Audrey Ellerbee Bowden. It's possible that she could be a private individual, a newly emerging public figure, or someone who is not widely recognized in publicly available sources.

Constance J. Chang-Hasnain is a prominent scientist and researcher known for her work in the fields of electrical engineering, photonics, and materials science. She has made significant contributions to the development of optoelectronic devices, including advanced semiconductor lasers and photonic devices. Chang-Hasnain has held academic positions, including being a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where she has been involved in teaching, mentoring students, and conducting research.

Lurdes Inoue does not appear to be widely recognized in public databases or general knowledge sources up to October 2023. It is possible that Lurdes Inoue could refer to a private individual, a lesser-known public figure, or perhaps a character in a specific context such as literature, film, or a specific community.

Anne-Christine Hladky does not appear to be a widely recognized public figure or subject based on the information available up to October 2023. It is possible that she may be a lesser-known individual or someone who has gained notoriety after that date.

Diana Huffaker does not appear to be a widely recognized public figure or a concept that is commonly referenced in literature or media as of my last update in October 2023. It's possible that she could be a private individual or a less-known figure who has recently gained attention in a specific context.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, there is no widely recognized individual or entity named "Laura Marcu" in mainstream media, literature, or notable public domains. It's possible that she could be a private individual, a professional in a specific field, or a person who has gained recognition after that date.

Jean Bennett may refer to a few different things, depending on the context. One prominent figure by that name is Jean Bennett, an American ophthalmologist known for her work in gene therapy and retinal diseases. Along with her research partner, she has been involved in pioneering studies related to treating genetic conditions such as Leber congenital amaurosis.

Melba Crawford could refer to a few different things depending on the context. Most notably, Melba Crawford is a recognized figure in the field of education, particularly as an advocate for educational and organizational transformation. She has been involved in various initiatives aimed at improving educational practices.

Sophie LaRochelle refers to a notable figure in certain contexts, often related to business, art, or social media. However, the specifics about her may vary greatly, as there might be multiple individuals with that name.

Britta Nestler is a prominent researcher in the field of neuroscience, particularly known for her work related to the neural mechanisms of addiction and depression. Her research often explores how various substances affect the brain and behavior, with a focus on the molecular and cellular changes associated with these conditions.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, there is no widely recognized figure named Kathryn McGrath in popular culture, politics, or science. It's possible that she could be a private individual or a person who has gained prominence after that date.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, there isn't widely recognized information about a person or entity named Maria Asensio. This name may refer to a private individual or may not be significant in a broader context.

"Hui Wu" could refer to different things depending on the context. It might be a person's name, as "Hui" and "Wu" are common Chinese surnames. Additionally, "Hui Wu" could refer to particular concepts, organizations, or events associated with that name.

Jennifer Rupp is a notable scientist and researcher, recognized for her work in the fields of materials science and engineering, particularly in the area of solid oxide fuel cells, sensors, and ceramics. She is known for her contributions to the understanding and development of ion-conducting materials and their applications in energy conversion and storage technologies. Rupp has published numerous research articles and has been involved in various academic and industrial collaborations aimed at advancing energy technologies.

Katalin Balázsi is a Hungarian scientist known for her contributions to the field of biomedical engineering, particularly in the areas of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, without specific context, it's difficult to provide detailed information since the name may refer to different individuals or contexts.