A **sufficient statistic** is a concept in statistics that refers to a statistic that captures all the information needed to estimate a parameter of a statistical model.

The Brams-Taylor procedure is a method used in the field of voting theory and political science to allocate votes or seats proportionally in a way that reflects the preferences of a group of voters. This procedure was developed by Steven J. Brams and Alan D. Taylor and is particularly applied to problems like apportionment or multi-winner elections.

The Robertson–Webb rotating-knife procedure is a surgical technique used for performing a hysterectomy, specifically for the removal of the uterus. This method employs a rotating knife, which allows for more precise and efficient tissue excision during the operation. It was designed to enhance the surgical process by potentially reducing the amount of blood loss and minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. The use of rotating instruments in surgical procedures can lead to more controlled cuts and can help in reducing the recovery time for patients.

Fair pie-cutting refers to a concept in game theory and economics that involves dividing a resource (the "pie") among multiple participants in a way that is perceived as fair by all involved. The primary goal is to ensure that everyone feels they have received their fair share, which can be challenging when preferences, needs, and valuations differ among participants. The notion of fair pie-cutting can apply to various contexts, such as dividing land, assets, resources, or even decision-making power.

The Robertson-Webb envy-free cake-cutting algorithm is a mathematically rigorous method for fairly dividing a resource, often referred to as a "cake," among multiple parties (or "players") in such a way that no player envies another. This algorithm is particularly relevant in fair division problems where the goal is to ensure that all parties receive shares that they perceive as equal in value or utility, thereby eliminating any feelings of envy.

The term "Simultaneous Eating Algorithm" does not refer to a widely recognized algorithm in computer science or any specific field. It appears that there might be a misunderstanding or confusion regarding the term.

The Stromquist moving-knives procedure is an efficient method in fair division, specifically designed to allocate goods or resources among multiple parties in a way that is perceived as fair. This procedure is particularly applicable in the context of dividing items that can be represented as intervals on a line (such as lengths of a physical object) or other similar divisible resources.

Jamila is a doll created by the American toy company TollyTots, designed to promote cultural diversity and representation. It is part of the "My Life As" doll collection, which features various dolls that reflect different ethnicities, backgrounds, and interests. The Jamila doll specifically represents a girl of Middle Eastern descent and comes with a variety of outfits and accessories that celebrate her culture.

The term "Surplus procedure" can refer to various concepts depending on the context, such as finance, economics, law, or project management. Here are a few interpretations: 1. **Finance and Accounting**: In financial contexts, a surplus procedure might deal with the management and allocation of surplus funds—excess revenues over expenditures. Organizations might have procedures for how to allocate or invest this surplus, which can include reinvestments, saving for future needs, or distributing profits to stakeholders.

Anna Bogomolnaia is a mathematician known for her work in the fields of combinatorics and discrete mathematics. She has contributed to various topics, including game theory, matching theory, and algorithms. Her research often focuses on the mathematical foundations of problems related to optimization and decision-making.

Hal Varian is an American economist known for his work in microeconomics, information economics, and the economics of technology. He is particularly recognized for his role as the Chief Economist at Google and for his contributions to the field of economics through his research and teaching. Varian has written several influential textbooks, one of the most notable being "Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach," which is widely used in economics courses.

Ted Hill is an American mathematician known for his work in various areas of mathematics, including probability theory and combinatorics. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to the field of mathematical education and for his research on random processes and combinatorial structures. Hill's work has involved exploring the mathematical underpinnings of randomness and is often associated with concepts in both pure and applied mathematics. He has also been active in discussing the philosophy of mathematics and the pedagogical aspects of teaching mathematics.

Fair random assignment is a method used to allocate resources, opportunities, or treatments to individuals or groups in a manner that is both equitable and unbiased. This approach is often utilized in various fields, including education, experimental research, job placement, and social programs. The goal is to ensure that each participant has an equal chance of receiving any particular outcome, thereby minimizing any potential biases that could arise from the selection process.

Proportional item allocation is a method used to distribute resources, items, or benefits among different recipients or categories in a way that ensures each recipient receives a quantity that is proportional to a specific criterion or variable. This approach is commonly used in various fields, including economics, finance, project management, and resource distribution. ### Key Features: 1. **Proportionality**: Recipients receive items based on their relative share or importance.

In economics, equity refers to the concept of fairness or justice in the distribution of resources, opportunities, and benefits within a society. It often contrasts with equality, which emphasizes uniform distribution regardless of individual circumstances. Equity recognizes that different individuals or groups may require different levels of support or resources to achieve fair outcomes due to their varying needs, backgrounds, and barriers.

Leximin order is a method of ordering or comparing multi-dimensional vectors based on a lexicographic criterion, which considers individual elements of the vectors in a specific sequence. Specifically, the term "leximin" combines elements of two concepts: "lexicographic order" and "minimum." In the context of multi-dimensional vectors, the leximin order prioritizes the worst (minimum) element of each vector.

"Angel's Friends" is an animated television series created by the Italian company Rainbow S.p.A. The show first premiered in 2009 and is aimed primarily at children and pre-teens. The series revolves around a group of young angels and demons who are students in a school called the "Angel School" and "Demon School.

Georgina Born is a prominent figure in the field of music and anthropology. She is known for her work as a scholar, researcher, and musician, often exploring the intersections of music, culture, technology, and society. Born has contributed significantly to the understanding of contemporary music practices and the cultural implications of technological advancements in music. In addition to her academic pursuits, she is also a performer, engaging in various musical projects that reflect her interests in experimental and interdisciplinary practices.

Gustav Jacob Born, often referred to as G.J. Born, is a notable figure in the field of biomedical sciences, particularly known for his contributions to pharmacology and the study of blood cells. He is recognized for his research on the mechanisms of action of various drugs and the physiological processes related to blood and immune responses.

Creatable World is a line of fashion dolls produced by Mattel, designed to promote inclusivity and self-expression among children. Launched in 2018, the line features customizable dolls that come with various accessories, outfits, and hairstyles, allowing kids to create characters that reflect different identities and styles. The dolls are notable for their gender-neutral approach, with packaging and marketing that emphasize a wide range of options rather than adhering to traditional gender norms.