A Nor'easter is a type of storm that primarily affects the northeastern United States, characterized by strong winds coming from the northeast. These storms typically occur in the fall, winter, and early spring and can bring heavy snow, rain, and coastal flooding. Nor'easters develop when warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico meets cold air from Canada. As the warm air rises over the cold air, it can create low-pressure systems that can intensify rapidly.

Turán's brick factory problem is a classic problem in combinatorial optimization, particularly in the field of graph theory. It is named after the Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős and his colleague László Turán, who studied problems involving extremal graph theory. The problem can be described as follows: Imagine a brick factory that produces bricks of various colors.

The Kodaira vanishing theorem is a fundamental result in algebraic geometry, named after Kunihiko Kodaira. It provides important information about the cohomology of certain types of sheaves on smooth projective varieties. ### Statement of the Theorem In its classical form, the Kodaira vanishing theorem can be stated as follows: Let \( X \) be a smooth projective variety over the complex numbers, and let \( L \) be an ample line bundle on \( X \).

In algebraic geometry, an **invertible sheaf** (also known as a line sheaf) is a specific type of coherent sheaf that is locally isomorphic to the sheaf of sections of the structure sheaf of a variety.

In algebraic geometry, a **sheaf** is a mathematical structure that encodes local data that can be consistently patched together over a topological space. When we extend this concept to **algebraic stacks**, the notion of a sheaf plays a crucial role in the study of coherent structures on these more complex spaces.

The Haar measure is an important concept in the area of harmonic analysis and abstract algebra, specifically in the context of topological groups. It is a way of defining a measure on a locally compact topological group that is left-invariant (or right-invariant), which means it remains unchanged (invariant) under the group's operations.

A supermodular function is a type of set function that has properties similar to convex functions, particularly in the context of discrete optimization and game theory.

Speedrunning is a gaming practice where players attempt to complete a video game or a specific segment of a game as quickly as possible. This can involve optimizing gameplay, employing skills, and often exploiting game mechanics or glitches to reduce the completion time. Speedrunning can take several forms, including: 1. **Any%**: Completing the game as fast as possible, without restrictions on the means used (including glitches).

A forward auction is a type of auction in which sellers offer their goods or services to potential buyers, and buyers compete with each other by placing increasingly higher bids. The auction typically starts with a minimum bid established by the seller, and interested buyers place their bids until no one is willing to bid higher. The auction ends when the bidding time expires or the seller decides to accept the highest bid.

A multiunit auction is a type of auction where multiple identical items or units are sold simultaneously rather than a single item. This format contrasts with single-unit auctions, where one item is up for bid at a time. Multiunit auctions are commonly used in various contexts, such as: 1. **Government Procurement**: Governments might auction off rights to use resources (like spectrum frequencies) or contracts for services.

In Shogi, which is a Japanese variant of chess, "castles" refer to specific arrangements of pieces that provide defensive structures for the king. These formations are crucial for protecting the king from attacks and can vary in complexity and style. Each castle has its unique characteristics and strengths, depending on how pieces are arranged. Some common Shogi castles include: 1. **Mitsunari Castle (三段金)**: A simple and popular formation that offers solid protection for the king.

A cutscene is a sequence in a video game that is played between gameplay segments, usually to convey story elements, character development, or important plot points. Cutscenes typically involve animated graphics, voice acting, and music, and they may use various cinematic techniques such as camera angles and editing to create a narrative experience for the player.

An Environment Artist is a professional in the fields of video games, animation, and film who specializes in creating the settings and backgrounds within which the action takes place. Their primary focus is on designing and building the environments that characters interact with, ensuring these spaces are visually appealing and immersive.

Video game music refers to the soundtracks and audio compositions specifically created for video games. This genre encompasses a wide variety of styles and can include anything from orchestral scores to electronic soundscapes, chiptunes, rock themes, and more. Video game music serves multiple purposes, including setting the tone of the game, enhancing the gameplay experience, providing emotional depth, and often contributing to the game's overall narrative.

Interactive narrative refers to a form of storytelling where the audience actively participates in shaping the narrative experience. This can take several forms, including video games, interactive films, and digital storytelling projects, where the choices made by the audience or player influence the direction and outcome of the story. Key characteristics of interactive narrative include: 1. **User Agency**: The audience or player has the power to make choices that impact the storyline or characters, leading to multiple possible outcomes. This creates a personalized experience.

A "longplay" is a type of video game video that showcases a player completing a game from start to finish, often including commentary or insights throughout the gameplay. Longplays are typically longer than standard playthroughs or Let's Plays, as they aim to provide a comprehensive look at the game, covering all levels, storylines, and sometimes additional content such as side quests or collectibles.

A multiplayer video game is a type of video game that allows multiple players to interact with each other simultaneously, either locally or online. This interaction can take many forms, from cooperative gameplay where players work together toward a common goal, to competitive gameplay where players face off against each other. There are various types of multiplayer games, including: 1. **Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOs)**: These games can host thousands of players in a shared online world.

Powergaming is a term often used in gaming, especially in role-playing games (RPGs) and multiplayer online games, to describe a style of play where a player focuses on maximizing their character's strengths and abilities to gain the most competitive advantage, often at the expense of the game's narrative or the enjoyment of other players.

ASME Y14.5 is a standard developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), which provides guidelines for geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) in engineering and manufacturing drawings. First issued in 1982, this standard outlines a uniform system for defining and communicating the size, shape, form, and position of physical parts. Key components of ASME Y14.

Graph paper is a type of paper that is printed with a grid of fine lines, creating a series of small squares or rectangles. These grids can vary in size and spacing, depending on the intended use of the paper. The lines are usually light enough to be easily ignored or drawn over while still providing a helpful guide for drawing shapes, graphs, diagrams, and charts. Graph paper is commonly used in mathematics and engineering to plot functions, draw geometric shapes, and create scale models.