An **Intelligent Enterprise** refers to an organization that leverages advanced technologies, data analytics, and automation to enhance efficiency, improve decision-making, and create value. The concept integrates various digital capabilities and data-driven insights to respond quickly to market changes, customer demands, and operational challenges.

Staffing models refer to structured frameworks or methodologies that organizations use to determine their workforce needs, allocate resources, and manage human capital effectively. These models help in forecasting staffing requirements, optimizing employee roles, and ensuring that the right number of employees with the right skills are available to meet organizational goals. Key elements of staffing models include: 1. **Workforce Planning**: Assessing current staffing levels, predicting future needs based on factors like business growth, market trends, and turnover rates.

Heinrich Hertz's main initial experiment used a spark-gap transmitter. It is not something that transmits recorded sounds like voice: it only transmits noisy beeps. And as such was used for wireless telegraphy.

Bought by Illumina for 600 million in 2007 for 600 million dollars.

This is one of the prime examples of Europe's decline.

Instead of trying to dominate the sequencing market and gain trillions of dollars from it, they local British early stage investors were more than happy to get a 20x return on their small initial investments, and sold out to the Americans who will then make the real profit.

And now Solexa doesn't even have its own Wikipedia page, while Illumina is set out to be the next Microsoft. What a disgrace.

Here are some good articles about the company:

Cambridge visitors can still visit the Panton Arms pub, which was the location of the legendary "hey we should talk" founders meeting, chosen due to its proximity to the chemistry department of the University of Cambridge.

In 2021 the founders were awarded the Breakthrough Prize. The third person awarded was Pascal Mayer. He was apparently at Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute at the time of development. They do have a wiki page unlike Solexa: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serono. They paid a 700 million fine in 2005 in the United States, and sold out in 2006 to Merck for 10 billion USD.

Bibliography:

Quantum is getting hot in 2019, and even Ciro Santilli got a bit excited: quantum computing could be the next big thing.

No useful algorithm has been economically accelerated by quantum yet as of 2019, only useless ones, but the bets are on, big time.

To get a feeling of this, just have a look at the insane number of startups that are already developing quantum algorithms for hardware that doesn't/barely exists! quantumcomputingreport.com/players/privatestartup (archive). Some feared we might be in a bubble: Are we in a quantum computing bubble?

To get a basic idea of what programming a quantum computer looks like start by reading: Section "Quantum computing is just matrix multiplication".

Some people have their doubts, and that is not unreasonable, it might truly not work out. We could be on the verge of an AI winter of quantum computing. But Ciro Santilli feels that it is genuinely impossible to tell as of 2020 if something will work out or not. We really just have to try it out and see. There must have been skeptics before every single next big thing.

This is a term "invented" by Ciro Santilli to refer to quantum compilers that are able to convert non-specifically-quantum (functional, since there is no state in quantum software) programs into quantum circuit.

The term is made by adding "quantum" to the more "classical" concept of "high-level synthesis", which refers to software that converts an imperative program into register transfer level hardware, typicially for FPGA applications.

It is a bit hard to decide if those people are serious or not. Sometimes it feels scammy, but sometimes it feels fun and right!

Particularly concerning is the fact that they are not a not-for-profit entity, and it is hard to understand how they might make money.

Charles Simon, the founder, is pretty focused in how natural neurons work vs artificial neural network models. He has some good explanations of that, and one major focus of the project is their semi open source spiking neuron simulator BrainSimII. While Ciro Santilli believes that there might be insight in that, he also has doubts if certain modules of the brain wouldn't be more suitable coded directly in regular programming languages with greater ease and performance.

FutureAI appears to be Charles' retirement for fun project, he is likely independently wealthy. Well done.

The CNOT gate is a controlled quantum gate that operates on two qubits, flipping the second (operand) qubit if the first (control) qubit is set.

This gate is the first example of a controlled quantum gate that you should study.

To understand why the gate is called a CNOT gate, you should think as follows.

First let's produce a generic quantum state vector where the control qubit is certain to be 0.

On the standard basis:we see that this means that only $|00⟩$ and $|01⟩$ should be possible. Therefore, the state must be of the form:where $x$ and $y$ are two complex numbers such that $|x|+|y|=1.0$

If we operate the CNOT gate on that state, we obtain:and so the input is unchanged as desired, because the control qubit is 0.

If however we take only states where the control qubit is for sure 1:

Therefore, in that case, what happened is that the probabilities of $|10⟩$ and $|11⟩$ were swapped from $x$ and $y$ to $y$ and $x$ respectively, which is exactly what the quantum NOT gate does.

So from this we understand more concretely what "the gate only operates if the first qubit is set to one" means.

Now go and study the Bell state and understand intuitively how this gate is used to produce it.

Axel Firsoff was a prominent figure in the field of astronomy, particularly known for his work in astrobiology and for advocating scientific literacy. He made contributions to the understanding of astrobiology, which studies the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe.