The term loosely refers to certain layers of the computer abstraction layers hierarchy, usually high level hardware internals like CPU pipeline, caching and the memory system. Basically exactly what gem5 models.

Some of the earlier computers of the 20th centure were analog computers, not digital.

At some point analog died however, and "computer" basically by default started meaning just "digital computer".

As of the 2010's and forward, with the limit of Moore's law and the rise of machine learning, people have started looking again into analog computing as a possile way forward. A key insight is that huge floating point precision is not that crucial in many deep learning applications, e.g. many new digital designs have tried 16-bit floating point as opposed to the more traditional 32-bit minium. Some papers are even looking into 8-bit: dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3327757.3327866

As an example, the Lightmatter company was trying to implement silicon photonics-based matrix multiplication.

A general intuition behind this type of development is that the human brain, the holy grail of machine learning, is itself an analog computer.

Unsurprisingly the term "computer" became a synonym for this from the 1960s onwards!

This simply connected is called the universal covering group.

E.g. in the case of $SO(3)$ and $SU(2)$, $SU(2)$ is simply connected, but $SO(3)$ is not.

For parallels between nazi Germany and the cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/nazi

The interface is a bit annoying, but the tool is really cool.

100 cycles of matrixprod:man stress-ng gives the list of possible --cpu-method. It documents matrixprod as:

If you don't specify the --cpu-method it apparently loops through every method one by one.

Limit time to 1s instead of limiting cycles:

This section is about companies that were primarily started as computer makers.

For companies that make integrated circuits, see also: Section "Semiconductor company".

Of course, this only made sense when Apple was more of an underdog to IBM, and Ciro Santilli greatly admires their defiance of the norm.

As of 2020 however, Apple is kind of on the top of the mobile world, and Think different simply makes no sense anymore, notably because it relies on closed source offline software used by millions.

it's Popular Now It Sucks comes to mind.

This is a trap every company that prides itself on it's "alternative culture" sets for itself. If they succeed, they could become the norm.