Interventional neuroradiology (INR) is a subspecialty of radiology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions affecting the brain, spine, and blood vessels within the central nervous system using minimally invasive techniques. This field combines expertise in both imaging and therapeutic procedures, often utilizing advanced imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy, CT (computed tomography), and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to guide procedures.

LI-RADS, or the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System, is a standardized reporting system developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) to improve the detection, classification, and management of focal hepatic lesions, particularly in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), such as those with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.

Magnetogastrography (MGG) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to study the electrical activity of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly the stomach. It involves measuring the magnetic fields generated by the electrical activities of the cells in the stomach muscles. The technique is based on the principle that when cells in the stomach contract to facilitate digestion, they generate tiny magnetic fields due to the flow of electrical currents.

Nanotomography is an advanced imaging technique that enables the three-dimensional visualization of structures at the nanometer scale. It is particularly useful in fields such as materials science, biology, and nanotechnology, where understanding the detailed internal structure of materials or biological samples is critical. The technique typically involves the use of X-ray or electron tomography, where a series of two-dimensional images are captured from various angles around a sample. These images are then reconstructed into a three-dimensional model using specialized algorithms.

A Region of Interest (ROI) refers to a specific subset of data or an area within an image, video, or dataset that is of particular significance for analysis, processing, or observation. The concept of ROI is widely used across various fields, including medical imaging, computer vision, image processing, and data analysis.

The term "Phantom structure" can refer to different concepts depending on the context in which it is used. Here are a few areas where the term might apply: 1. **Architecture and Design**: In some architectural discussions, "phantom structures" refer to designs or structures that appear to have a presence or significance but do not actually exist in a physical form. This can be a conceptual tool for discussing the impact of visibility, presence, or absence in design.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a hybrid imaging technique that combines optical and ultrasound imaging principles. The method relies on the photoacoustic effect, which occurs when a material absorbs light (usually from a pulsed laser) and subsequently emits acoustic waves (ultrasound) due to thermal expansion.

The daily ordinary physical world or daily experience, pain, desire and the cycle of endless reincarnation. As opposed to the more elevated goals of spiritual enlightenment and breaking the wheel.

Ultrasound computer tomography (UCT) is a medical imaging technique that combines ultrasound technology with computational techniques to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body's internal structures. It leverages the principles of ultrasound, which involves the use of high-frequency sound waves, and typically involves the following key features: 1. **Ultrasound Basics**: Ultrasound uses sound waves that are emitted from a transducer.

A climate change scenario is a systematic representation of potential future climate conditions based on various assumptions about social, economic, and environmental developments. These scenarios are used to project how climate variables, such as temperature, precipitation, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, might change over time due to different influencing factors, including human activities and natural processes.

"Weather Zombie" typically refers to individuals who are overly obsessed or preoccupied with tracking weather conditions, often to an extreme extent. This term can be used informally to describe people who constantly check weather updates, engage in discussions about meteorological phenomena, or are exceptionally anxious about weather events. In some contexts, the term may also have been coined or popularized in media or social platforms to describe a specific trend or behavior related to weather.

Ocean heat content (OHC) refers to the amount of heat stored in the ocean. It is a measure of the thermal energy contained in the water column and is primarily influenced by changes in temperature. OHC is a critical factor in understanding climate change and its effects on the Earth's system, as the oceans absorb a significant amount of excess heat generated by greenhouse gas emissions.

Meteorological quantities are measurements and parameters used to describe and analyze the state of the atmosphere. These quantities are essential for weather forecasting, climate studies, and environmental monitoring. Some common meteorological quantities include: 1. **Temperature**: Measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F), it indicates how hot or cold the atmosphere is. 2. **Pressure**: Atmospheric pressure is measured in hPa (hectopascals) or mmHg (millimeters of mercury).

GRIB stands for "Gridded Binary," which is a concise format for representing meteorological data. It is widely used for the storage and transmission of weather data in numerical weather prediction and climate models. Here are some key features of GRIB: 1. **Binary Format**: GRIB data is stored in a binary format, which makes it more compact and efficient for computer processing compared to text-based formats.

Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) is a set of file formats and APIs designed for the storage and sharing of scientific data. It is particularly useful for handling large amounts of data and is commonly used in fields like engineering, science, and research. There are two main versions of HDF: 1. **HDF4**: This version is designed to store and organize scientific data in a flexible way.

PressureNET is an innovative network that utilizes a wide array of sensors and data sources to monitor and analyze atmospheric pressure across various geographic areas. The network is designed to provide real-time data and insights that can be used for various applications, including weather forecasting, climate research, and environmental monitoring.

The Spotter Network is a community-driven network that collects and shares real-time information about severe weather events, primarily focusing on storm spotting and reporting. It allows trained weather spotters, amateur meteorologists, and enthusiasts to report weather phenomena, such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, and severe hail, to a centralized database. The information gathered helps improve situational awareness for both local authorities and the broader community during severe weather events.

WUHU is a software application designed to display and log data from weather stations, particularly those utilizing the Davis Vantage Pro and Vantage Vue systems. The software is particularly popular among amateur meteorologists and hobbyists who want to monitor local weather conditions. WUHU allows users to interface with their weather stations to collect and visualize a variety of meteorological data, including temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction, rainfall, and more.

A Hovmöller diagram is a graphical representation used to visualize how a particular variable changes over time along a specific spatial dimension. It is commonly used in meteorology, oceanography, and other fields that study dynamic systems. The diagram typically displays time on one axis (usually the horizontal axis) and distance (or another spatial variable) on the other axis (usually the vertical axis).

"Snowball Earth" refers to a hypothesized period in Earth's history during which the planet's surface became extensively covered by ice, potentially reaching the equator. This phenomenon is thought to have occurred during the late Neoproterozoic Era, particularly in two main episodes: around 717 to 650 million years ago (the Sturtian glaciation) and around 600 million years ago (the Marinoan glaciation).