Amber is a fossilized tree resin that has been appreciated for its beauty and durability for millions of years. It often features a warm, yellow to orange-brown coloration, although it can come in other hues as well, including green, blue, and even white. Amber is notable for sometimes containing inclusions of prehistoric organisms, such as insects, spiders, and plant material, which were trapped in the resin before it hardened.
Walter A. Rosenblith (1916–2006) was an American neuroscientist known for his significant contributions to the fields of biology, neuroscience, and bioengineering. He was particularly recognized for his work on the neural mechanisms of hearing and the development of auditory systems, as well as his research on how the brain processes sound. Throughout his career, Rosenblith held various academic and administrative positions, notably at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
William Skocpol is an American sociologist and political scientist best known for his work in the fields of social theory, comparative politics, and social movements. Born in 1947, he has made significant contributions to the understanding of state structures, civic engagement, and the dynamics of social revolutions. Skocpol is particularly renowned for his book "States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China," published in 1979.
In logic, the term "signature" refers to a formal specification that defines the basic elements of a logical language or system. It usually includes a set of symbols that represent various components of that language, such as: 1. **Constants**: Symbols that denote specific, unchanging elements (e.g., numbers, specific objects). 2. **Variables**: Symbols that can represent a range of elements or objects in a given domain.
The Awards of the International Mathematical Union (IMU) are prestigious honors given to recognize outstanding achievements in mathematics. The IMU, established in 1952, is an international organization that promotes international cooperation in mathematics and supports the global mathematical community. The main awards given by the IMU include: 1. **Fields Medal**: Awarded every four years to mathematicians under 40 years of age for outstanding achievements in the field.
Brendan McKay is an Australian mathematician known for his work in combinatorics, graph theory, and discrete mathematics. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to the study of graphs, including algorithms for generating and counting specific types of graphs. McKay is also known for his work on the generation and analysis of large combinatorial objects and for his creation of software tools that facilitate research in these areas, including the well-known graph generation software "nauty.
A saddle point is a point on the surface of a graph where the slope (or derivative) is zero in multiple dimensions, but is not a local extremum (i.e., not a local maximum or minimum). It occurs in both single-variable and multivariable calculus, although the characteristics can differ slightly based on the context.
Fingerprinting algorithms are techniques used to create a unique identifier, or "fingerprint," for data, files, or users based on certain characteristics or features. These algorithms help identify and differentiate between entities in various contexts, such as data integrity verification, digital forensics, or user tracking. ### Key Areas and Applications of Fingerprinting Algorithms: 1. **Digital Forensics**: Fingerprinting algorithms can be used to identify and verify files based on their content.
The term "Annus Mirabilis" refers to the year 1905, which is often regarded as a remarkable year in the history of physics due to the publication of several groundbreaking papers by the physicist Albert Einstein. In that year, he produced four critical papers that laid the foundation for modern physics: 1. **Photoelectric Effect**: In this paper, Einstein proposed that light can be thought of as discrete packets of energy, called quanta or photons.
Robert Griess is a prominent American mathematician known for his contributions to group theory, particularly in the areas of finite groups and group representations. He is best known for his work on the classification of finite simple groups and for the development of the Griess group, which is an example of a non-abelian simple group. Griess's work has been influential in the field of algebra, and he has published numerous papers on various topics within mathematics.
Magnanimity is a term that refers to the quality of being generous, noble, and forgiving, particularly toward someone who may have wronged or harmed you. It embodies a spirit of great-heartedness, kindness, and the willingness to overlook grievances or offenses in favor of a more elevated and compassionate response. A magnanimous person is often characterized by their ability to rise above petty conflicts and to act with integrity, displaying strength of character and a commitment to higher moral principles.
Taro Morishima is a Japanese mathematician known for his work in the field of mathematical analysis, particularly for his contributions to functional analysis and topology. He has also contributed to mathematical education and has published various research papers and articles on these topics.
Wayne Ratliff is known as a pioneer in the field of computer science, specifically in relation to early computing and artificial intelligence. He is recognized for his contributions to the development of the programming language LISP and for his work on various early computer systems and algorithms. In addition to his technical contributions, Ratliff is also sometimes mentioned in the context of discussions related to the history of computing and the evolution of programming languages and AI.
Peter Simons is an academic known primarily for his work in the fields of philosophy and cognitive science. He has contributed significantly to topics such as the philosophy of language, ontology (the study of being), and the nature of concepts and their relation to language and thought. Simons has also engaged with issues concerning the philosophy of mind, particularly how mental processes relate to language and representation.
Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was an influential American philosopher and logician, known for his work in various areas, including philosophy of language, philosophy of logic, and epistemology. His contributions and ideas have significantly shaped contemporary analytic philosophy.
Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. - Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact