GPS drawing, also known as GPS art or GPS mapping, is a creative practice that involves using a GPS device or smartphone to create images, patterns, or designs by moving through physical space. As individuals or groups walk, run, or bike along specific routes, their movements are tracked by GPS technology, which records the coordinates to create a visual representation of the route taken.

Graduate Texts in Mathematics (GTM) is a series of advanced mathematics textbooks published by Springer. The series is designed primarily for graduate students and advanced undergraduates, covering a wide range of topics in pure and applied mathematics. Each book in the series typically provides thorough treatments of specific subjects, complete with definitions, theorems, proofs, and examples. The books are written by prominent mathematicians and are intended to be both rigorous and accessible to those with a solid background in mathematics.

Graphene plasmonics is a field of study that explores the interaction between graphene— a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional lattice— and plasmons, which are coherent oscillations of electrons that occur at the surface of conductors and can propagate along metal-dielectric interfaces. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Plasmons**: Plasmons are quasi-particles resulting from the collective oscillations of free electrons in a material.

The Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL) is a national facility for nuclear physics research located in Caen, France. It is primarily dedicated to the study of heavy ions, which are nuclei of heavy elements. GANIL is known for its ability to accelerate these heavy ions to high energies, allowing scientists to explore a variety of nuclear phenomena, including nuclear structure, reactions, and the properties of exotic nuclei.

Grassmann–Cayley algebra is an algebraic structure that extends the concepts of vector spaces and linear algebra, focusing on the interactions of multilinear forms and multilinear transformations. This algebra allows for the representation of geometric and algebraic concepts, combining aspects of Grassmann algebra and Cayley algebra. ### Key Concepts 1. **Grassmann Algebra**: Grassmann algebra, named after Hermann Grassmann, deals with the exterior algebra of a vector space.

Great-circle navigation is a method used in air and sea navigation that follows the shortest path between two points on the surface of a sphere. This path is called a great circle, which is the intersection of the surface of the sphere with a plane that passes through the center of the sphere. In practical terms, when plotted on a flat map, great circles appear as curved lines due to the spherical nature of the Earth.

The term "Greif cannon" does not appear to have a widely recognized meaning in historical or contemporary contexts. It’s possible that you might be referring to a specific type of artillery or perhaps making a typo or confusion with another term, such as "Grief cannon" in a gaming context or "Griefing," which refers to the act of harassing or annoying other players in online games.

Gromov–Hausdorff convergence is a concept in the field of metric geometry that generalizes the notion of convergence for metric spaces. It is a powerful tool used to understand how sequences of metric spaces can converge to a limit in a way that preserves their geometric structures. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Metric Space**: A set equipped with a distance function (metric) that defines the distance between any two points in the set.

Gromov's systolic inequality is a fundamental result in differential geometry concerning the relationship between the volume and the topology of essential manifolds. Specifically, it addresses the concept of the systole of a Riemannian manifold, which is defined as the length of the shortest nontrivial loop (or closed curve) in the manifold.

Grötzsch's theorem is a result in graph theory concerning the coloring of graphs. Specifically, it states that there exists a triangle-free graph that requires four colors for a proper vertex coloring. In other words, it demonstrates that the chromatic number of certain triangle-free graphs can be as high as four.

Ground and neutral are two important concepts in electrical systems, especially in wiring and circuitry: 1. **Ground**: - Ground is a safety feature in electrical systems. It serves as a reference point for electrical circuits and provides a pathway for electrical current to return to the earth in case of a fault, preventing shock or fire hazards. - In many systems, the ground wire is connected to the earth, and it is usually a bare wire or has green insulation.

Hackenbush is a combinatorial game that involves two players who take turns removing edges from a graph. The game is typically played on a connected graph with vertices and edges, where edges are colored, often in two colors representing the two players, or one color for a player and another for the graph itself. Here’s how the game works: 1. **Initial Setup**: The game starts with a graph drawn on paper with vertices connected by edges.

A group homomorphism is a function between two groups that preserves the group structure.

Group testing is a statistical method used to efficiently identify the presence of specific characteristics, such as diseases or pathogens, within a population by testing groups, or pools, of individuals rather than testing each individual separately. This approach can significantly reduce the number of tests needed, saving time and resources. ### Key Concepts of Group Testing: 1. **Pooling Samples**: In group testing, samples from a number of individuals are pooled together into a single sample.

Gullstrand–Painlevé coordinates are a special type of coordinate system used in general relativity to describe the geometry of spacetime in a way that simplifies some aspects of the mathematical treatment of black holes. These coordinates provide a way to express the metric of a black hole's spacetime that is particularly useful for understanding the motion of particles and light in the vicinity of the black hole.

A gun-powered mousetrap, often referred to as a "gun trap" or "trap with a firearm mechanism," is a type of trap designed to kill rodents like mice or rats using a firing mechanism similar to that of a firearm. In concept, this trap uses a small gunpowder charge or mechanism to create a projectile that can quickly incapacitate or kill a rodent when it triggers the trap.

Gustaf de Laval was a Swedish engineer and inventor, best known for his contributions to the dairy industry and the development of centrifugal separation technology. He was born on April 9, 1845, and he made significant advancements in the design of cream separators, which allowed for the efficient separation of cream from milk. One of his notable inventions is the centrifugal separator, a device that uses centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities.

An empty string is a string data type that contains no characters. In programming and computer science, it is often represented by a pair of double quotes with nothing in between (`""`) or single quotes (`''`). The length of an empty string is zero, meaning it has no content. Empty strings are commonly used in various contexts, such as: 1. **Initialization**: Setting a variable to an empty string to indicate that it is not yet assigned any meaningful value.

Distance sampling is a statistical method used in ecology and wildlife management to estimate the density and abundance of animal populations. It involves surveying an area to detect animals while considering their distance from a line or point of observation. By recording the distance of observed animals from a predetermined line or point, researchers can use this information to make inferences about the population as a whole.

Haim Shapira is an educator, mathematician, and speaker known for his work in the fields of mathematics and philosophy, as well as for his engaging teaching style. He has gained popularity through his courses and lectures on topics such as mathematics, economics, and decision-making, often integrating ideas from various disciplines to provide deeper insights. Shapira often emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and creativity in understanding complex concepts.