An insurance score is a numerical representation used by insurance companies to help assess the risk associated with providing coverage to an individual or entity. This score is typically derived from various factors, including credit history, payment patterns, and other financial behaviors. Although it may vary by insurer, the insurance score is often a key component in determining premiums for auto, home, and other types of insurance.

The video from futureai.guru/technologies/brian-simulator-ii-open-source-agi-toolkit/ shows a demo of the possibly non open source version. They have a GUI neuron viewer and editor, which is kind of cool.

The insurance cycle refers to the recurring pattern of fluctuations in the insurance market, particularly the pricing and availability of insurance coverage. It typically consists of two main phases: the hard market and the soft market. 1. **Hard Market:** - In a hard market, insurance premiums increase, and underwriting standards become stricter. Insurers may reduce their coverage options, exclude certain risks, or require higher deductibles.

The Insider investment strategy refers to a trading approach that involves purchasing stocks based on the buying patterns of company insiders—executives, directors, and other individuals with access to non-public, material information about the company. Insiders often have a better understanding of the company's business prospects and financial health than the average investor, so their trading activity can signal confidence (or lack thereof) in the company's future performance. ### Key Elements of the Insider Investment Strategy: 1. **Insider Buying vs.

IFRS 17, or International Financial Reporting Standards 17, is a standard issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) that establishes principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of insurance contracts. It came into effect on January 1, 2023, replacing the previous standard, IFRS 4, which allowed a wide variety of approaches to insurance contract accounting.

Hattendorff's theorem is a result in queuing theory that pertains to the analysis of single-server queues, particularly those that follow a Markovian arrival process and service time distribution. The theorem deals with the expected waiting time in the queue and helps to determine both the average number of customers in the queue and the average time a customer spends in the system.

The Gompertz distribution is a continuous probability distribution often used to model the time until an event occurs, particularly in survival analysis and reliability engineering. It is characterized by a cumulative distribution function (CDF) that describes the likelihood of the time until an event, such as failure or death, occurs.

This was the God OG physics journal of the early 20th century, before the Nazis fucked German science back to the Middle Ages!

Notable papers:

General insurance refers to a category of insurance that provides coverage for various types of risks and losses, excluding life insurance. It primarily encompasses policies that protect individuals and businesses against financial losses resulting from unexpected events. General insurance types typically include: 1. **Property Insurance**: Covers damage to or loss of physical property, such as home insurance, renters insurance, and commercial property insurance. 2. **Liability Insurance**: Protects against claims of negligence, injury, or damage to third parties.

In actuarial science, "future interests" typically refers to the expected future values or cash flows that will be received or paid at a specific time in the future. This concept is essential for assessing the financial implications of insurance policies, pensions, investments, and other financial commitments.

Publications by the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

Links to their publications: de.wikisource.org/wiki/Sitzungsberichte_der_K%C3%B6niglich_Preu%C3%9Fischen_Akademie_der_Wissenschaften_zu_Berlin

Notable papers:

The force of mortality, often denoted by the symbol \( \mu(x) \), is a concept in actuarial science and demography that describes the instantaneous rate of mortality or the hazard function at a given age \( x \). It measures the likelihood that an individual at age \( x \) will die in an infinitesimally small interval of time, given that they have survived up to that age.

Financial models that incorporate long-tailed distributions and volatility clustering are designed to better capture the complexities and dynamics of financial time series data. Let's break down these concepts: ### Long-Tailed Distributions 1. **Definition**: A long-tailed distribution is a probability distribution that features a large number of occurrences far from the "head" of the distribution (i.e., the high-probability region).

CAUCE is an acronym that can refer to various organizations or concepts, but one notable usage is related to the "Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial Email." This organization was formed to address issues related to spam and promote legislation aimed at curbing unsolicited emails.

A Financial Condition Report (FCR) is a document often used by organizations, particularly in the finance and insurance sectors, to assess and communicate the overall financial health of a business or investment. The FCR examines various financial metrics and indicators to provide an overview of an entity's financial performance, stability, and operational efficiency.

Extreme value theory (EVT) is a statistical field that focuses on the analysis and modeling of extreme deviations or rare events in a dataset. It is primarily concerned with understanding the behavior of maximum and minimum values in datasets, especially under the assumption that the data follows some underlying distribution.

European Embedded Value (EEV) is a financial metric used primarily in the insurance industry to assess the value of an insurance company's business. It provides a measure of the profitability of the future cash flows generated by the company’s existing insurance policies, adjusted for risks and costs. EEV aims to give a more comprehensive view of an insurer's value than traditional accounting methods, as it focuses not only on the current profitability but also on the potential future earnings.

The Esscher transform is a mathematical transformation used in the field of probability theory, particularly in the context of risk theory and actuarial science. It is named after the Swedish mathematician Karl Esscher. The transform is useful for adjusting probability distributions to account for different risk preferences, particularly in the setting of insurance and finance. The Esscher transform modifies the probability measure of a random variable in a way that shifts the expectation of the distribution.