Mathematical notation by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
It is hard to decide what makes Ciro Santilli more sad: the usage of Greek letters, the invention of new symbols, or the fifty million alternative font styles used.
Only Chinese characters could be worse than that!
Repeat this mantra:
Only decentralize when inevitable.
Only decentralize when inevitable.
Only decentralize when inevitable.
"Hunting the Snark" is an improvised comedy podcast inspired by Lewis Carroll's nonsense poem "The Hunting of the Snark." The podcast typically features a group of performers and comedians who engage in playful storytelling, character creation, and whimsical scenarios, all revolving around the concept of searching for the elusive Snark. The format encourages creativity and humor, making it both entertaining and light-hearted.
The Skellam distribution is a probability distribution that describes the difference between two independent Poisson random variables. It is frequently used in various fields, particularly in statistics, telecommunications, and various types of counting processes.
Bluffing in poker is a strategic tactic where a player bets or raises with a weaker hand in an attempt to deceive opponents into folding stronger hands. The goal of a bluff is to create the impression that the player has a better hand than they actually do, thereby convincing opponents to abandon their own hands and forfeit the pot.
Leon Chwistek (1884–1947) was a Polish philosopher, mathematician, and painter known for his contributions to various fields, including logic, aesthetics, and the philosophy of science. He was a member of the famous Polish School of Logic and made significant contributions to the foundations of mathematics and the philosophy of mathematics.
Andrew Kohut was a prominent American pollster and the founding director of the Pew Research Center. He was known for his expertise in public opinion research and surveys, particularly in analyzing American political attitudes, media consumption, and social trends. Kohut played a significant role in shaping how public opinion polling is conducted and has contributed to the understanding of how public perceptions evolve over time.
Arthur J. Finkelstein is a prominent figure known for his work as a political consultant and strategist, particularly in Republican politics. He gained recognition for his influential role in several U.S. political campaigns, often known for his expertise in media strategy and polling. Finkelstein has been involved in campaigns for various political figures both in the United States and internationally, particularly in Israel. He is associated with the development of effective communication strategies that resonate with voters.
Lloyd A. Free was an influential American political scientist and a prominent figure in the field of public opinion research. He is best known for his work in the areas of survey methodology and political behavior. Free made significant contributions to understanding how public opinion is formed and measured, and he was involved in numerous studies related to political attitudes and voter behavior. In addition to his research contributions, Lloyd A.
Peter D. Hart is a prominent American political pollster and the founder of Hart Research Associates, a well-respected polling and consulting firm. He has conducted numerous public opinion surveys and market research studies throughout his career, working with a variety of clients, including political candidates, advocacy groups, and corporations. Hart is known for his insights into public opinion and has played a significant role in shaping campaign strategies for various Democratic candidates. He has also authored reports and analyses on electoral trends and voter behavior.
The bigyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron is a complex geometric figure that belongs to the category of Archimedean solids. It is constructed through the process of truncating or diminishing the faces of the rhombicosidodecahedron, one of the five Platonic solids.
The "Compound of twelve pentagrammic prisms" is a geometrical figure that consists of twelve pentagrammic prisms arranged in a specific manner. A pentagrammic prism is a three-dimensional shape formed by extending a pentagram (a five-pointed star) along a perpendicular axis, effectively creating a prism with a pentagram as its base.
The compound of twenty tetrahemihexahedra is a specific arrangement of geometric shapes in three-dimensional space. The tetrahemihexahedron, which is also known as the truncated tetrahedron, can be understood as a polyhedron with specific properties. A tetrahemihexahedron has 6 faces (each being a triangle), 12 edges, and 4 vertices. It is created by truncating the vertices of a regular tetrahedron.
Alan David White is not widely recognized as a public figure, and there may be multiple individuals with that name. Context is essential to clarify who you are referring to. For instance, if you are looking for information about a specific Alan David White associated with a profession (such as science, arts, or business), please provide additional details.
Albert Potter Wills does not appear to be a widely recognized figure in historical or contemporary contexts as of my last update in October 2023. It's possible that he could be a lesser-known individual or a local figure not significantly covered in public resources. If you have any specific context or details regarding Albert Potter Wills, such as his field of work (e.g.
Christopher H. Scholz is a prominent geoscientist known for his work in the fields of tectonics, geology, and geophysics. He has made significant contributions to the understanding of plate tectonics, fault systems, and earthquake mechanics, particularly through both field studies and laboratory experiments. Scholz's research often focuses on the mechanics of the Earth's crust and the processes that lead to seismic activity.
Edward Salisbury Dana was an influential American geologist, mineralogist, and petrologist, known for his work in the field of geology. Born on February 12, 1815, in New York City, Dana made significant contributions to the understanding of mineral classification and the geological processes that shape the Earth. He is perhaps best known for his work "Manual of Mineralogy," first published in 1837, which became a standard reference in the field for many years.
As of my last update in October 2023, there isn't widely available information about a notable individual named John Eugene Kunzler. It's possible that he may not be a public figure or that relevant events or developments concerning him may have occurred after my training data.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 2.
    You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either https://OurBigBook.com or as a static website
    .
    Figure 3.
    Visual Studio Code extension installation
    .
    Figure 4.
    Visual Studio Code extension tree navigation
    .
    Figure 5.
    Web editor
    . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
    Video 4.
    OurBigBook Visual Studio Code extension editing and navigation demo
    . Source.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact