The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station, often referred to as the APLIS, is a research facility located in polar regions, typically focused on studying sea ice, oceanographic conditions, and the polar environment. It is a part of the John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) and conducts scientific research related to various aspects of ice, climate, and environmental changes.

OWLeS (Ontology Web Language for Services) is a web service ontology that provides a vocabulary for describing various aspects of web services, including their functionality, quality of service, and other relevant features. It is designed to enable better representation and communication of service characteristics, allowing for more effective discovery, selection, and management of web services in distributed and heterogeneous environments.

Project Stormfury was a research initiative conducted by the United States government from the 1960s to the early 1980s, aimed at understanding and potentially manipulating tropical cyclones (hurricanes). The project sought to explore the feasibility of weakening hurricanes through techniques such as cloud seeding, which involves dispersing substances into the atmosphere to encourage precipitation and modify storm dynamics.

The vertical distribution of ice in Arctic clouds refers to how ice crystals are distributed within different layers of the atmosphere, particularly in cloud formations that contain ice in polar regions such as the Arctic. This distribution is important for understanding various atmospheric processes, including climate change, cloud dynamics, and precipitation patterns.

"Wind stubs" is not a widely recognized term in established contexts or industries. However, it might refer to several different concepts depending on the context. Here are a few possibilities: 1. **Wind Energy**: If "wind stubs" pertains to wind energy, it could refer to components or features associated with wind turbines, such as connection points, support structures, or base fittings where wind turbine blades and other parts are attached.

Freezing drizzle is a type of winter precipitation that consists of supercooled liquid droplets of water that fall from the atmosphere and freeze upon contact with surfaces. This phenomenon usually occurs when there is a layer of warmer air aloft above a surface layer of cold air. The supercooled droplets can create a thin layer of ice on roads, sidewalks, trees, and other surfaces, leading to potentially hazardous conditions such as ice accumulation.

NSSL Doppler refers to the Doppler radar systems and technologies developed and utilized by the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) in the United States. NSSL is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and focuses on research related to severe weather and its impacts. Doppler radar technology is critical in meteorology for detecting and tracking precipitation, analyzing storm structures, and measuring wind patterns in the atmosphere.

Leptocephalus refers to a larval stage of certain types of fish, particularly those in the order Anguilliformes, which includes eels. The term is most commonly associated with the larvae of eels, such as the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) and the American eel (Anguilla rostrata).

The National Weather Service (NWS) office in Des Moines, Iowa, is a regional branch of the NWS, which is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The Des Moines office is responsible for providing weather forecasts, warnings, and other meteorological services to central and northern Iowa. This includes monitoring severe weather events such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, and winter storms, as well as issuing alerts to inform the public and local agencies.

The National Weather Service (NWS) Training Center is a facility that provides training and educational resources to personnel within the NWS and related meteorological fields. Located in Kansas City, Missouri, the center focuses on enhancing the skills and knowledge of NWS employees through various programs, including classroom instruction, hands-on training, and professional development. The Training Center offers a range of courses covering topics such as meteorology, hydrology, forecasting, weather service operations, and the use of technology in weather prediction.

The Nested Grid Model refers to a computational modeling approach used in various fields like meteorology, oceanography, and climate science. Its primary purpose is to provide a more detailed representation of physical processes occurring within different spatial scales. Here are some key characteristics of nested grid models: 1. **Hierarchical Grid Structures**: In a nested grid model, a coarse grid serves as the primary computational domain, while one or more finer grids (nested grids) are implemented within specific regions of interest.

The Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) is a government agency in Sweden responsible for monitoring and forecasting weather and climate, as well as managing hydrological data. Established in 1873, SMHI provides a range of services related to meteorology, hydrology, and oceanography. Its primary functions include: 1. **Weather Forecasting**: SMHI produces daily weather forecasts and warnings for various weather-related events, such as storms, floods, and heatwaves.

The Hero Fracture Zone is a significant geological feature located in the central northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, specifically within the North Atlantic Ocean. It is characterized by a series of faults and fractures on the ocean floor, which are indicative of tectonic activity. The zone is associated with the boundary between the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate. This area is of interest to geologists and oceanographers because it provides insights into tectonic processes and the geological history of the Earth's crust.

Fisheries science is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on the study of fish populations, their habitats, and the ecosystems they inhabit. It integrates various scientific disciplines such as biology, ecology, marine science, environmental science, and economics to understand and manage fishery resources sustainably. Key areas of research and practice within fisheries science include: 1. **Fish Biology**: Understanding the life cycles, behavior, reproduction, and physiology of fish species.

The Centre for Marine Living Resources & Ecology (CMLRE) is an institution in India that focuses on the sustainable management and conservation of marine resources and ecosystems. Established under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, CMLRE is involved in various research activities, monitoring programs, and policy development related to marine living resources. CMLRE aims to support the sustainable utilization of marine biodiversity, promote research on marine ecosystems, and provide insights into the socio-economic aspects of marine resources.

The College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences (CFOS) is an academic institution typically associated with the study of fisheries, marine biology, oceanography, and related disciplines. While there may be multiple institutions with similar names around the world, one of the well-known colleges is part of the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) in the United States.

In marine biology, "substrate" refers to the surface or material on or in which organisms live, grow, and obtain their nutrients. This can include a variety of types of surfaces, such as: 1. **Natural substrates**: These can be sandy, rocky, muddy, or even organic materials like decaying plant matter. The characteristics of these natural substrates can greatly influence the types of organisms that can thrive in a particular habitat.

Cumberland Sound is a significant body of water located in the eastern part of Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. It is known for its deep, narrow fjord-like characteristics and is surrounded by rugged terrain and dramatic landscapes. The sound serves as an important habitat for various marine life and is particularly noted for its population of beluga whales, which are often seen in the area during the summer months.

Nuup Kangerlua, also known as Nuuk Fjord, is a prominent fjord located in Greenland, specifically near the capital city of Nuuk. It is one of the largest and most significant fjords in the area, characterized by its stunning natural beauty, steep cliffs, and glacial landscapes. The fjord itself serves as an important waterway for transportation and fishing, and it is surrounded by various small settlements and communities, as well as abundant wildlife.

Submarine volcanoes are volcanic structures that are located on the ocean floor. Unlike terrestrial volcanoes that erupt above water, submarine volcanoes can be found at various depths beneath the ocean surface and can be either active, dormant, or extinct. They are formed through the same geological processes as other volcanoes, with magma rising from the Earth's mantle and erupting to create new landforms, such as seamounts or volcanic islands.