CaBIG, which stands for the Cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid, is an initiative developed by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the United States. Launched in the early 2000s, the goal of CaBIG is to enhance cancer research by facilitating collaboration and data sharing among researchers, institutions, and healthcare organizations.

A "dry lab" generally refers to a type of laboratory or research environment that focuses on computational and theoretical work rather than hands-on experimental work with physical materials. In a dry lab, researchers typically engage in activities such as: 1. **Computer Simulations**: Running simulations to model physical, chemical, biological, or engineering processes. 2. **Data Analysis**: Analyzing existing data sets, such as genomic data in bioinformatics or simulation results in physics.

Biorepositories, also known as biobanks, are facilities or collections that store biological samples, such as human tissue, blood, DNA, and other bodily fluids, as well as associated data. These samples are collected and stored for future research purposes, particularly in the fields of medicine, genetics, and biotechnology. Key aspects of biorepositories include: 1. **Sample Collection and Storage**: Biorepositories collect samples from donors, which may include healthy individuals or patients with specific conditions.

3D-Jury is a software application designed to facilitate the assessment and evaluation of projects in a three-dimensional space. It is often used in fields such as architecture, urban planning, and design to allow multiple stakeholders to review and provide feedback on 3D models or visualizations of projects. The platform enables users to interact with and manipulate 3D representations of projects collaboratively, which can enhance communication and decision-making during the project development process.

Martin Farach-Colton is a prominent computer scientist known for his contributions to algorithms, data structures, and bioinformatics. He has worked on various topics, including suffix trees, string algorithms, and the application of computational techniques to biological problems. Farach-Colton is also recognized for his role in academia, having served as a professor at institutions like Rutgers University. His work has significantly impacted theoretical computer science and has applications in areas such as genomics and data processing.

Algae DNA barcoding is a molecular technology used to identify and classify algal species based on short, standardized sequences of genetic material, typically from specific regions of their DNA.

Biclustering, also known as co-clustering or simultaneous clustering, is a data analysis technique that seeks to uncover patterns in data sets where both rows and columns are clustered simultaneously. Unlike traditional clustering methods, which typically group either rows (observations) or columns (features) independently, biclustering allows for the identification of subsets of data that exhibit similar characteristics across both dimensions.

BioPAX (Biological Pathway Exchange) is a standard format designed for the exchange, sharing, and representation of biological pathway information. It aims to enable interoperability among software and databases that manage biological data related to molecular interactions, cellular processes, and metabolic pathways. BioPAX provides a standardized vocabulary and structure for depicting biological entities—such as genes, proteins, and small molecules—and their interactions or relationships within biological pathways.

Biological network inference is the process of deducing or reconstructing biological networks from experimental data. These networks can represent various biological interactions and relationships, such as gene regulatory networks, protein-protein interaction networks, metabolic networks, and others. The goal of network inference is to understand the complex interactions that govern biological processes by creating models that illustrate how different components (genes, proteins, metabolites, etc.) interact with each other.

The Conference on Semantics in Healthcare and Life Sciences (CSHALS) is an academic and professional event that focuses on the application of semantic technologies in the fields of healthcare and life sciences. The conference typically brings together researchers, practitioners, and industry stakeholders to discuss the latest developments, research findings, and innovations related to semantic web technologies, knowledge representation, data interoperability, and data analytics within these domains.

The Darwin Core Archive (DwC Archive) is a data standard used for sharing biodiversity data. It is part of the Darwin Core standards, which provide a framework for providing information about biological diversity in a structured and interoperable way. The Darwin Core Archive facilitates the sharing and publishing of biodiversity datasets, particularly in the context of specimen records, observations, or related data concerning organisms. It consists of various types of metadata and data files that collectively allow for the easy exchange and usage of biodiversity information.

De novo transcriptome assembly is the process of reconstructing the complete set of RNA transcripts in a given organism or sample without prior reference to a known genome. This is particularly useful in situations where the genome of the organism is not available, poorly annotated, or when studying non-model organisms. Here are the key steps and concepts involved in de novo transcriptome assembly: 1. **RNA Extraction**: First, RNA is extracted from the cells or tissues of interest.

Nakayama's lemma is a fundamental result in commutative algebra that provides conditions under which a module over a ring can be simplified. It is particularly useful in the study of finitely generated modules over local rings or Noetherian rings. The classic statement of Nakayama's lemma can be summarized as follows: Let \( R \) be a Noetherian ring, and let \( M \) be a finitely generated \( R \)-module.

Summation by parts is a technique in mathematical analysis that is analogous to integration by parts. It is used to transform a summation involving a product of sequences into a possibly simpler form. The technique is particularly useful in combinatorial contexts and is often applied in the evaluation of sums.

A Farey sequence, denoted as \( F_n \), is a sequence of completely reduced fractions between 0 and 1 that have denominators less than or equal to a given positive integer \( n \). The Farey sequence is arranged in increasing order. Each fraction in the sequence is expressed in simplest form, meaning that the numerator and denominator are coprime (they have no common factors other than 1).

Irregularity of distributions can refer to various concepts, depending on the context in which it is used. In general, it can denote a lack of regularity or uniformity in how a particular quantity is spread across a space or among a set of values.

Midy's theorem is a result in number theory that pertains to the representation of numbers in a specific base. More specifically, it deals with the representation of numbers in base \( b \) and the relationship between a number and its "reverse".

One half is a fraction represented as \( \frac{1}{2} \). It signifies a quantity that is divided into two equal parts, where one part is being considered. In decimal form, one half is equal to 0.5. In terms of percentage, it represents 50%. This concept is often used in various contexts, such as dividing objects, measuring ingredients in cooking, or calculating time.

A unit fraction is a fraction where the numerator is 1 and the denominator is a positive integer. In other words, it can be expressed in the form \( \frac{1}{n} \), where \( n \) is a positive integer. For example, \( \frac{1}{2} \), \( \frac{1}{3} \), and \( \frac{1}{4} \) are all unit fractions.

Christopher Harman was a British Marxist theorist, political activist, and writer known for his work on revolutionary theory, historical materialism, and socialist politics. He was associated with the International Socialism movement and served as the editor of the publication "International Socialism". Harman wrote extensively on a range of topics including capitalism, imperialism, and the nature of socialist movements. His analyses often focused on the dynamics of class struggle and the importance of revolutionary action.