E. Coli genome starting point Updated 2025-07-16
The conventional starting point is not at the E. Coli K-12 MG1655 origin of replication.
biocyc.org/ECOLI/NEW-IMAGE?type=EXTRAGENIC-SITE&object=G0-10506 explains:If it is a bit hard to understand what they mean by "origin of transfer" though, as that term is usually associated with the origin of transfer of bacterial conjugation.
This site is the origin of replication of the E. coli chromosome. It contains the binding sites for DnaA, which is critical for initiation of replication. Replication proceeds bidirectionally. For historical reasons, the numbering of E. coli's circular chromosome does not start at the origin of replication, but at the origin of transfer during conjugation.
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 Updated 2025-07-16
NCBI taxonomy entry: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=511145 This links to:
- Interactively browse the sequence on the browser viewer: "Reference genome: Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655" which eventually leads to: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/556503834?report=graphIf we zoom into the start, we hover over the very first gene/protein: the famous (just kidding) e. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene thrL, at position 190-255.The second one is the much more interesting e. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene thrA.
- Gene list, with a total of 4,629 as of 2021: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=txid511145
Bitches Brew by Miles Davis (1970) Updated 2025-07-16
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene dksA Updated 2025-07-16
Bitcoin Updated 2025-07-16
How it works: Section "How Bitcoin works".
Official website: bitcoin.org/en/
Reference implementation: Bitcoin Core.
Bitcoin block Updated 2025-07-16
Blue (university sport) Updated 2025-07-16
b-money Updated 2025-07-16
Bitcoin blockchain
j( upload system Updated 2025-07-16This is likely a system that uploads text to the blockchain.
One example can be seen on the Marijuana plant.
Messages are uploaded one line per transaction, and thus may be cut up on the blk.txt, and possibly even out of order.
But because each line starts with
j( you can generally piece things up regardless. Bitcoin blockchain parser Updated 2025-07-16
This section is about partial implementations that are only able to read the blocks, ususally coming from Bitcoin Core, to interpret the data:
Bitcoin CLI client Updated 2025-07-16
Bitcoin entrepreneur Updated 2025-12-25
Bitcoin Forum Updated 2025-07-16
Founded by Satoshi Nakamoto, making it the earliest and one of the most important Bitcoin communities. TODO official in any way? Who founded it?
Some notable appearances:
- in 2010, it is where Laszlo's pizzas offer was announced
- it was used e.g. on the Mt. Gox investigation: youtu.be/tJ-TsrK6SuY?t=2018
- Jimmy Zhong's investigation: youtu.be/pxvd1YOMGxU?t=1004
Bitcoin hello world Updated 2025-07-16
- buy some at a cryptocurrency exchange. This is the only viable way of obtaining crypto nowadays, since basically all cryptocurrencies require specialized hardware to mine.
- send it to a self hosted Bitcoin wallet without a full node, e.g. Electrum
- then send something out of the wallet back to the exchange wallet!
- convert the crypto back to cash
Bitcoin inscription method Updated 2025-07-16
Bibliography:
- www.reddit.com/r/BitcoinBeginners/comments/9dlo3w/how_to_write_arbitrary_data_on_the_bitcoin/
- bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/73165/how-to-store-arbitrary-data-in-the-bitcoin-blockchain-and-how-can-i-differentiat
- bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/32575/what-methods-are-currently-used-to-embed-additional-data-into-the-bitcoin-blockc
Bitcoin mining reward Updated 2025-07-16
Bitcoin non-standard transaction Updated 2025-07-16
Bibliography:Monday, January 29, 2024
- bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/5883/is-there-a-listing-of-strange-or-unusual-scripts-found-in-transactions/105392#105392
- bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/547/useful-alternative-bitcoin-transaction-scripts
- bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/35956/non-standard-tx-with-obscure-op-codes-examples/36037#36037 notably provides the amazing www.quantabytes.com/articles/a-survey-of-bitcoin-transaction-types
Bitcoin script that terminates with multiple values on the stack Updated 2025-07-16
BitcoinStrings.com Updated 2025-07-16
bitcoinstrings.com has all
strings -n20 strings, we can obtain the whole thing and clean it up a bit with:wget -O all.html https://bitcoinstrings.com/all
cp all.html all-recode.html
recode html..ascii all-recode.html
awk '!seen[$0]++' all-recode.html > all-uniq.htmlawk to skip the gazillion "mined by message" repeats.A lot of in that website stuff appears to be cut up at the 20 mark. As shown in Force of Will, this is possibly because they didn't use
-w in strings -n20, and the text after the newlines was less than 20 characters.That website can be replicated by downloading the Bitcoin blockchain locally, then:
cd .bitcoin/blocks
for f in blk*.dat; do strings -n20 -w $f | awk '!seen[$0]++' > ${f%.dat}.txt; done
tail +n1 *.txtRemove most of the binary crap:
head -n-1 *.txt | grep -e '[. ]' | grep -iv 'mined by' | less Bitcoin varint Updated 2025-07-16
Implementations:
- Python: github.com/alecalve/python-bitcoin-blockchain-parser/blob/c06f420995b345c9a193c8be6e0916eb70335863/blockchain_parser/utils.py#L41. Sample usage to extract 3 values from a
bytesobject:file, off = decode_varint(value) blk_off, off = decode_varint(value[off:]) tx_off, off = decode_varint(value[off:])
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