Memento mori Updated 2025-07-16
Metallurgical Laboratory Updated 2025-07-16
The lab that made Chicago Pile-1, located in the University of Chicago. Metallurgical in this context basically as in "working with the metals uranium and plutonium".
Given their experience, they also designed the important X-10 Graphite Reactor and the B Reactor which were built in other locations.
Meteor (web framework) Updated 2025-07-16
The idea is cool. It really unifies front-and back end.
But Ciro Santilli feels the approach proposed by FeathersJS of being a glue between bigger third-party Front-end web frameworks like React and backend (object-relational mapping) is more promising and flexible.
Mindustry Updated 2025-07-16
Conveyor belt 2D top down mining like Factorio, but with more emphasis on tower defense/real-time strategy, PvP looks a lot like StarCraft or Age of Empires.
As of pre alpha 135, the most annoying thing is that you can't easily start a campaign scenario from fresh, if you lose you have to start from wave 1 but with everything already half built as you left it. This gives you a huge advantage...
It is also annoying that you have to manually rebuild everything that was destroyed afer each attack, unless you have some unit that you can only unlock later on...
mindustry-unofficial.fandom.com/wiki/Future_Content#New_Google_Play_Listing suggests freemium features being considered, but they are mostly minor or plaform specific. There seems to be no server list by default however, making the Steam multiplayer freemium valuable.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5ThSECaAwA suggests code drop is used.
It is a bit annoying that you have to unlock the tech tree little by little in campaign, but it does serve as a reasonable introduction to the general order of development. Games with progression state are boring, except when there is permadeath. But custom play scenarios have everything unlocked immediately, much better.
It is very cool that you can copy chunks of buildings as macros, and save them for later.
The game runs very well it feels like.
Minkowski space Updated 2025-07-16
Because the Minkowski inner product product is not positive definite, the norm induced by an inner product is a norm, and the space is not a metric space strictly speaking.
Mitochondria have DNA because they need to be controlled individually Updated 2025-07-16
Argued at Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006) page 212.
Basically, energy supply has to be modulated rather quickly, because we spend a lot sometimes, and very little other times.
Even not turning it off quickly enough is a problem, as it starts to generate free radicals which fuck you up.
If control came from the nucleus, it has no way to address different mitochondria. But it might be that only one of the mitochondria needs the change. If the nucleus tells all mitochondria to stop producing when only one is full, the others are going to say: "nope, I'm not full, continue producing!" and the one that need to stop will have its signal overridden by the others.
Mitochondrial protein import Updated 2025-07-16
The process that imports proteins encoded in the nuclear DNA and made in the cytosol into the mitochondria.
Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006) suggests that proteins are somehow tagged with extra amino acids for this.
MLperf Updated 2025-07-16
mlcommons.org/en/ Their homepage is not amazingly organized, but it does the job.
Benchmark focused on deep learning. It has two parts:Furthermore, a specific network model is specified for each benchmark in the closed category: so it goes beyond just specifying the dataset.
Results can be seen e.g. at:
Those URLs broke as of 2025 of course, now you have to click on their Tableau down to the 2.1 round and there's no fixed URL for it:
And there are also separate repositories for each:
MNIST database Updated 2025-07-16
70,000 28x28 grayscale (1 byte per pixel) images of hand-written digits 0-9, i.e. 10 categories. 60k are considered training data, 10k are considered for test data.
This is THE "OG" computer vision dataset.
Playing with it is the de-facto computer vision hello world.
It was on this dataset that Yann LeCun made great progress with the LeNet model. Running LeNet on MNIST has to be the most classic computer vision thing ever. See e.g. activatedgeek/LeNet-5 for a minimal and modern PyTorch educational implementation.
But it is important to note that as of the 2010's, the benchmark had become too easy for many applications. It is perhaps fair to say that the next big dataset revolution of the same importance was with ImageNet.
The dataset could be downloaded from yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/ but as of March 2025 it was down and seems to have broken from time to time randomly, so Wayback Machine to the rescue:but doing so is kind of pointless as both files use some crazy single-file custom binary format to store all images and labels. OMG!
wget \
https://web.archive.org/web/20120828222752/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz \
https://web.archive.org/web/20120828182504/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz \
https://web.archive.org/web/20240323235739/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz \
https://web.archive.org/web/20240328174015/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
OK-ish data explorer: knowyourdata-tfds.withgoogle.com/#tab=STATS&dataset=mnist
Molecular biology feels like systems programming Updated 2025-07-16
Whenever Ciro Santilli learns about molecular biology, he can't help but to feel that it feels like programming, and notably systems programming and computer hardware design.
In some sense, the comparison is obvious: DNA is clearly a programmable medium like any assembly language, but still, systems programming did give Ciro some further feelings.
- The most important analogy perhaps is observability, or more precisely the lack of it. For the computer, this is described at: The lower level you go into a computer, the harder it is to observe things.And then, when Ciro started learning a bit about biology techniques, he started to feel the exact same thing.For example when he played with E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab, the main thing Ciro felt was: it is going to be hard to verify any of this data, because it is hard/impossible to know the concentration of each element in a cell as a function of time.More generally of course, this is exactly why making any biology discovery is so hard: we can't easily see what's going on inside the cell, and have to resort to indirect ways of doing so..This exact idea was highlighted by I should have loved biology by James Somers:
For a computer scientist, a biologist's methods can seem insane; the trouble comes from the fact that cells are too small, too numerous, too complex to analyze the way a programmer would, say in a step-by-step debugger.
And then just like in software, some of the methods biologists use to overcome the lack of visibility have direct software analogues:- add instrumentation to cells, e.g. GFP tagging comes to mind
- emulation, e.g. E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
- The boot process is another one. E.g. in x86 the way that you start in 16-bit mode, largely compatible into the 70's, then move to 32-bit and finally 64, does feel a lot the way a earlier stages of embryo development looks more and more like more ancient animals.
Ciro likes to think that maybe that is why a hardcore systems programmer like Bert Hubert got into molecular biology.
Some other people who mention similar things:
- I should have loved biology by James Somers highlights the computer abstraction layer analogy between the two:
Momentum operator Updated 2025-07-16
In three dimensions In position representation, we define it by using the gradient, and so we see that
Monero ASIC resistance Updated 2025-07-16
Monotreme Updated 2025-07-16
Moon Updated 2025-07-16
Most important superconductor material Updated 2025-07-16
As of 2023 the most important ones economicaly were:The main application is magnetic resonance imaging. Both of these are have to be Liquid helium, i.e. they are not "high-temperature superconductor" which is a pain. One big strength they have is that they are metallic, and therefore can made into wires, which is crucial to be able to make electromagnetic coils out of them.
- Nb-Ti: the most widely used one. Used e.g. to create the magnetic fields of the Large Hadron Collider Up to 15 T.
- Nb-Sn: more expensive than Nb-Ti, but can reach up to 30 T.
Moving magnet and conductor problem Updated 2025-07-16
In the above experiment:
- from the wire frame, the charge feels electromagnetic force, because it is moving and there is a magnetic field
- from the single charge frame, there is still magnetic field (positive charges are moving), but the body itself is not moving, so there is no force!
The solution to this problem is length contraction: the positive charges are length contracted and the moving electrons aren't, and therefore they are denser and therefore there is an effective charge from that frame.
This is also mentioned at David Tong www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/em/el4.pdf (archive) "David Tong: Lectures on Electromagnetism - 5. Electromagnetism and Relativity" "5.2.1 Magnetism and Relativity".
How Special Relativity Fixed Electromagnetism by The Science Asylum (2019)
Source. Municipal Market of São Paulo Updated 2025-07-16
But as of 2020, it is completely surrounded by extremely poor people, to the point that it makes you scared if you stand out in any way by showing any kind of middle/upper class wealth, or being a foreigner.
The market is basically a touristic spot that no person in Sao Paulo will ever go to (unless they are young, single, and can just walk in there by themselves) in the middle of this surreal environment.
In 2020 Ciro was there with his wife on a touristic visit. Living in Europe at the time, he felt even more privileged. So they went to a fruit stand, and the man started giving his wife amazing free samples of very exotic fruit, some of which Ciro had never tasted himself, without saying the price. It did feel like he was giving out too much for free. Then Ciro decided of course to buy some more fruits to pay for the show, which was a nice show. Then while buying, it came out a bit more expensive than would have been reasonable, but Ciro was too dazzled by the speed and noises, and he paid for it. Later on, he told his wife about it, and how he felt that they had added some ultra-expensive bulk fruits that were of a clearly lower level than the gold nuggets of the free samples (especially for Brazil's cost standards). The presenter was an extremely crafty con artist, and Ciro felt like they had specifically preyed on Ciro Santilli's self perceived compassionate personality, because it was apparent that those men were underprivileged and fighting for their living day by day with those over-expensive fruits. This was an extremely valuable lesson, Ciro was glad that it was learnt at a relatively low cost on that occasion.
Music teenager Ciro Santilli liked to listen to Updated 2025-07-16
Lower teens, before discovering more hardcore stuff that is more genial and adult-venerable:So a base mix of what you migth expect from a regular male teenager born in 1989 Brazil.
The following are also adult venerable though :-)
And no, the opening sentence "Some of those that work forces" is not understandable: ell.stackexchange.com/questions/262444/what-is-the-meaning-of-the-phrase-that-work-forces-in-rage-against-the-machine
MySQL Updated 2025-07-16
Login without password: askubuntu.com/questions/915585/how-to-login-mysql-shell-when-mysql-have-no-passwordworks on Ubuntu 20.10.
sudo mysqlCreate user for further logins without
sudo askubuntu.com/questions/915585/how-to-login-mysql-shell-when-mysql-have-no-password/1325689#1325689:sudo mysql -e "CREATE USER $USER"Run command from CLI stackoverflow.com/questions/1602904/how-do-you-run-a-single-query-through-mysql-from-the-command-line
mysql -e 'SHOW DATABASES'Create test user with password:and login as that user:Login with password given on the command line:The
sudo mysql -e 'CREATE USER user0 IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY "a"'
sudo mysql -e 'GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_name.* TO "user0"'mysql -u user0 -pmysql -u user0 -pmypasswordIDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password part is to overcome "Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server" when connecting from Node.js.List users:
sudo mysql -e 'SELECT * FROM mysql.user'View permissions for each user on each DB: serverfault.com/questions/263868/how-to-know-all-the-users-that-can-access-a-database-mysql
sudo mysql -e 'SELECT * FROM mysql.db'List databases:
sudo mysql -e 'SHOW DATABASES'Create database:
sudo mysql -e 'CREATE DATABASE mydb0'Destroy database:
sudo mysql -e 'DROP DATABASE mydb0' Neil Fernandez Updated 2025-07-16
Article likely written by him: www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/feb/22/home-schooling-register-families
“Especially my father. He was doing most of it and he is a savoury, strong character. He has strong beliefs about the world and in himself, and he was helping me a lot, even when I was at university as an undergraduate.”An only child, Arran was born in 1995 in Glasgow, where his parents were studying at the time. His father has Spanish lineage, having a great grandfather who was a sailor who moved from Spain to St Vincent in the Carribean. A son later left the islands for the UK where he married an English woman. Arran’s mother is Norwegian.
One of the articles says his father has a PhD. TODO where did he work? What's his PhD on? Photo: www.topfoto.co.uk/asset/1357880/
www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-everyday-genius-pxsq5c50kt9:
There are unlisted articles, also show them or only show them.