Children: Ion channels
HCN1, or Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel 1, is a protein that is part of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel family. These channels are primarily involved in the electrical activity of neurons and cardiac cells.
HCN2 refers to a member of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel family, specifically the HCN2 gene that encodes for the HCN2 protein. HCN channels are ion channels that allow the selective passage of sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺) ions across cell membranes.
HCN3 refers to one of the subtypes of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channels, which are primarily responsible for generating the "pacemaker" currents in various cells, especially in the heart and brain. These channels are activated by hyperpolarization and are modulated by cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP and cGMP.
HCN4 refers to a specific type of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel, which plays a crucial role in generating and regulating electrical activity in the heart. Specifically, HCN4 is one of the four known members of the HCN channel family (HCN1, HCN2, HCN3, and HCN4).
HCN channels, or hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, are a class of ion channels that are permeable to cations, particularly sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺) ions. They play a crucial role in the electrical activity of excitable cells, such as neurons and cardiac myocytes.
HERG is an acronym that can refer to several different things depending on the context, but one of the most common meanings is related to biology, particularly in the field of cardiology. In this context, HERG (Human Ether-a-go-go Related Gene) refers to a gene that encodes a potassium ion channel (Kv11.1) that is crucial for cardiac repolarization.
HTR3C refers to the serotonin receptor 3C, which is a subtype of the 5-HT3 receptor family. These receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). The 5-HT3 receptors are primarily involved in the central and peripheral nervous systems, playing crucial roles in processes such as mood regulation, anxiety, nausea, and vomiting.
HTR3D, or High-Throughput RNA-Seq 3D, typically refers to a specialized method or tool used in molecular biology and bioinformatics for analyzing RNA sequencing data in a three-dimensional context. While the specifics can vary based on the particular research context or tool being referenced, it generally involves techniques that enhance the understanding of gene expression patterns and their spatial organization within tissues or cells.
HTR3E refers to a specific type of serotonin receptor known as the 5-HT3 receptor, subtype E. Serotonin receptors are a class of receptors that bind serotonin (5-HT) and are involved in a variety of physiological and pharmacological processes. The 5-HT3 receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel that, when activated by serotonin, allows the flow of ions, which can lead to neuronal excitation.
HVCN1, or Hydrogen Voltage-gated Channel 1, is a gene that encodes a protein which functions as a voltage-gated channel that specifically transports protons (H+ ions) across cell membranes. This transporter plays a significant role in maintaining the pH balance within cells and is believed to have cellular and physiological roles in various systems, including the immune system and possibly in cancer biology.
The Hille equation, often associated with the field of functional analysis and the study of linear operators, specifically addresses the behavior of certain types of boundary value problems. It is typically used in the context of partial differential equations or differential equations where boundary conditions must be satisfied. A classic result related to the Hille equation involves the existence and uniqueness of solutions for ordinary differential equations under certain conditions. It is named after the mathematician Einar Hille.
ITPR3 stands for Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3. It is a protein encoded by the ITPR3 gene in humans. ITPR3 is part of the inositol trisphosphate receptor family, which plays a critical role in cellular signaling by regulating the release of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into the cytoplasm.
The term "inactive" generally refers to a state of not being active or engaged in any particular activity. It can be applied in various contexts, such as: 1. **General Usage**: Describing someone or something that is not currently participating in an activity, not functioning, or not in use. 2. **Health and Fitness**: Referring to a person who does not engage in regular physical exercise or activity, which can have health implications.
Ion channels are specialized protein structures embedded in the cell membrane that facilitate the passage of ions (charged particles) in and out of cells. These channels are critical for various cellular functions, including the generation of electrical signals in nerve and muscle cells, the regulation of cellular volume, and the maintenance of ion concentrations across membranes.
The Ion Channel Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) suggests that dysfunction in ion channels, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of ions across cell membranes, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD. This hypothesis posits that the dysregulation of calcium (Ca²⁺) homeostasis, due to altered function or expression of ion channels, contributes to the neuronal cell death and synaptic dysfunction observed in Alzheimer's patients.
KCNA10, or Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily A Member 10, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNA10 gene. This protein is a member of the voltage-gated potassium channel family, which plays critical roles in the electrical excitability of cells, including those in the heart and nervous system.