A phosphorylated recognition motif that promotes recognition of a protein for degradation. Multiple weak motifs can support regulated recognition.

A Bravais lattice with mutually perpendicular primitive vectors of lengths $a,a,c$, with $c\ne a$. A chemically ordered L10 crystal structure has this translation lattice even when drawn using a larger four-site cell that resembles a distorted FCC conventional cell.

William Bertozzi compared electron time-of-flight speeds with independently measured kinetic energies using electrostatic and linear acceleration. The 1964 report covers 0.5–15 MeV and uses calorimetry to check deposited energy. Speed approaches the light-speed limit while energy continues rising, testing relativistic energy against an unrestricted Newtonian extrapolation.^[ref]

A tertiary amine with three methyl groups. Its nitrogen accepts hydrogen bonds but the molecule has no N–H donor.

For a long flexible polymer in a good solvent, a tensile blob of size ${\xi }_t\sim k_{B}T/f$ contains $g\sim ({\xi }_t/a{)}^{1/\nu }$ statistical segments. Aligning $N/g$ blobs gives $R\sim (N/g){\xi }_t=Na(fa/k_{B}T{)}^{1/\nu -1}$. The three-dimensional Flory approximation $\nu =3/5$ gives the displayed power. The regime requires $a\ll {\xi }_t\ll a{N}^{\nu }$: below its force range the coil has ordinary linear response, and above it finite link extension matters. Numerical amplitudes depend on solvent quality and segment conventions.^[ref]

Changing between permissive and restrictive temperatures at defined stages tests when a conditional gene product is required. Reciprocal shifts and short pulses separate initiation from maintenance, subject to inactivation kinetics and protein perdurance.

A space observatory that measured stellar light curves to discover exoplanets and constrain their exoplanet occurrence rate through exoplanet transit photometry.

Differential movement or deposition of remains by flowing water, dependent on their shape, density, size, orientation and articulation.

Erroneous placement toward the base of a lineage when loss of diagnostic characters through carcass decay is interpreted as an ancestral biological absence. Coding unobservable characters as unknown and comparing preservation across specimens can reduce the problem.