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A breeding design in which offspring share a sire but have different dams. Relatedness patterns help distinguish inherited covariance from shared full-family environment.
A mixed model using pedigree or genomic relationships to estimate genetic contributions to phenotypic variation. A donor identity effect alone is not proof of an indirect genetic effect.
A one-trait short-term response model , where is the inherited change in mean, the phenotypic selection differential and narrow-sense heritability. It assumes an appropriate additive inheritance model and does not turn environmental phenotype change into inherited response.
The difference between the mean phenotype of selected parents and the biological population mean under a specified selection scheme. It differs from the partial regression coefficients in a multivariate selection gradient.
In proton-decoupled NMR, radiofrequency irradiation of proton spins averages selected couplings to the nuclei being observed. A common example is a carbon-13 spectrum measured while broadly decoupling hydrogen-1, which collapses carbon-proton multiplets and simplifies the spectrum.
Decoupling does not remove every interaction or make every carbon peak quantitatively comparable. Relaxation and nuclear Overhauser effects can change intensities, while couplings to other nuclei can remain. The notation states the observed and decoupled nuclei explicitly.
A molecular form of a protein defined by its amino-acid sequence and covalent modifications, including processing. Different conformations and mass-spectrometric charge states do not by themselves define different proteoforms.
Analysis of proteins after digestion into smaller peptides. It can provide broad sequence and modification coverage, but digestion commonly loses information about which distant variations occur together in an intact proteoform.
Quantitative proteomics measures differences in protein abundance or related protein features across samples. Strategies include label-free quantification and isotope- or tag-based comparisons, often using peptides generated from proteins and analyzed by mass spectrometry.
AlphaFold 3 is a learned model for predicting structures of biomolecular assemblies. A predicted interface is a structural hypothesis; its occurrence, occupancy and function in a particular biological condition need experimental support.[ref]
protein dynamics describes structural fluctuations and transitions between conformations of a protein. Functional interpretation needs the conformational populations and timescales of these transitions, not merely a list of static structures.
A conformational ensemble is a distribution over molecular conformations under specified conditions. Different measurements average different functions of that distribution; a single mean structure can conceal rare states important for binding or activity.
Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.
Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.
Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. 
- Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact